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Prognostic and Predictive Immunohistochemistry-Based Biomarkers in Cancer and Immunotherapy
Emanuelle M Rizk1, Robyn D Gartrell1, Luke W Barker2
1Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 650 West 168th Street, Black Building 8-816, New York, NY 10032, USA.
Abstract:
Immunotherapy has drastically improved the prognosis of many patients with cancer, but it can also lead to severe immune-related adverse events. Biomarkers, which are molecular markers that indicate a patient's disease outcome or a patient's response to treatment, are therefore crucial to helping clinicians weigh the potential benefits of immunotherapy against its potential toxicities. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) has thus far been a powerful technique for discovery and use of biomarkers such as CD8+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes. However, IHC has limited reproducibility. Thus, if more IHC-based biomarkers are to reach the clinic, refinement of the technique using multiplexing or automation is key.
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