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Related Experiment Video

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Generating Acute and Chronic Experimental Models of Motor Tic Expression in Rats
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Provisional Tic Disorder is not so transient.

Soyoung Kim1, Deanna J Greene1,2, Emily C Bihun1

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States.

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|March 10, 2019
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Summary

Most children diagnosed with Provisional Tic Disorder do not experience tic remission within a year. This study found tics persist in all children, challenging previous assumptions about tic disorder outcomes.

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Area of Science:

  • Childhood neurology
  • Neurodevelopmental disorders
  • Pediatric psychiatry

Background:

  • Motor and vocal tics are common in childhood.
  • Current clinical understanding suggests Provisional Tic Disorder (PTD) is typically temporary.
  • This belief is based on limited and potentially biased data.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To prospectively evaluate the 12-month outcome of children with PTD.
  • To challenge the prevailing notion of spontaneous tic remission in PTD.
  • To identify predictors of long-term tic disorder outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective study design.
  • Recruited 43 children with recent onset tics (mean 3.3 months).
  • Re-examined 39 children at the 12-month tic onset anniversary.

Main Results:

  • Tic symptoms improved on a group level, with minimal impairment in most children.
  • Tics remained present in all children at 12-month follow-up, sometimes only detectable via remote video observation.
  • Remission of PTD was found to be uncommon.

Conclusions:

  • The assumption of frequent remission in PTD is likely inaccurate.
  • Baseline tic severity, subsyndromal autism spectrum symptoms, and comorbid anxiety predict 1-year tic disorder outcomes.
  • Further research is needed to refine diagnostic criteria and treatment approaches for childhood tic disorders.