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Updated: Jan 28, 2026

Bioluminescent Optogenetics 2.0: Harnessing Bioluminescence to Activate Photosensory Proteins In Vitro and In Vivo
Published on: August 4, 2021
A brief review of bioluminescent systems (2019)
Aubin Fleiss1,2, Karen S Sarkisyan3,4,5,6
1Synthetic Biology Group, MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, London, UK.
Abstract:
Despite being widely used in reporter technologies, bioluminescent systems are largely understudied. Of at least forty different bioluminescent systems thought to exist in nature, molecular components of only seven light-emitting reactions are known, and the full biochemical pathway leading to light emission is only understood for two of them. Here, we provide a succinct overview of currently known bioluminescent systems highlighting available tools for research and discussing future applications.
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