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Successes and challenges for preventing measles, mumps and rubella by vaccination

Bettina Bankamp1, Carole Hickman1, Joseph P Icenogle1

  • 1Viral Vaccine Preventable Diseases Branch, Division of Viral Diseases, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Disease, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, 30329, USA.

Current Opinion in Virology
|March 11, 2019
PubMed

Insights

The measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine is safe and effective, eliminating diseases in the US. However, global vaccination gaps and mumps resurgence due to waning immunity and viral changes pose challenges.

Area of Science:

  • Immunization
  • Vaccinology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • The measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine boasts an excellent safety profile and high efficacy.
  • Widespread MMR vaccination has successfully eliminated endemic measles, rubella, and congenital rubella syndrome in the United States.
  • Global challenges to measles and rubella control include inadequate vaccination coverage and vaccine hesitancy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the efficacy and safety of the MMR vaccine.
  • To discuss challenges in global measles and rubella control.
  • To explore reasons for the resurgence of mumps despite high vaccination rates.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on MMR vaccine efficacy and safety.
  • Analysis of global vaccination coverage data.
  • Examination of epidemiological data on mumps outbreaks and potential contributing factors.

Main Results:

  • High MMR coverage has led to disease elimination in the US.
  • Mumps is resurging in the US and other countries, primarily in high-density settings.
  • Waning immunity and antigenic variation in mumps strains are potential factors in the resurgence.

Conclusions:

  • The MMR vaccine remains a critical tool for public health.
  • Addressing global vaccination gaps and hesitancy is crucial for disease control.
  • Further research into mumps immunity and viral evolution is needed to combat resurgence.

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