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Related Concept Videos

Insufficient Sleep and Sleep Deprivation01:13

Insufficient Sleep and Sleep Deprivation

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Insufficient sleep refers to not getting the recommended amount of sleep for optimal functioning, even if it's just slightly less than needed. Sleep insufficiency may occur due to lifestyle choices, such as staying up late for social events or work, resulting in routinely getting less sleep than required. For example, consistently sleeping 6 hours when the body needs 7-9 hours can lead to cumulative effects on health and well-being.
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Sleep progresses through distinct stages, each characterized by specific brain wave patterns and physiological responses ranging from wakefulness to stages of non-rapid eye movement, known as non-REM, to rapid eye movement, referred to as REM. Understanding these stages helps in recognizing how sleep supports various bodily and cognitive functions.
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Sleep, an essential biological state, involves significant reductions in physical activity, sensory awareness, and interaction with the environment. This complex physiological process is primarily regulated by specific brain regions, notably the hypothalamus and pons, which govern the sleep-wake cycle or circadian rhythm.
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Sleep apnea is a condition where breathing stops intermittently during sleep, often leading to significant health issues. Each episode can last from 10 to 20 seconds or more and is frequently accompanied by a brief arousal from sleep. This disturbance, largely unnoticed by the individual, can lead to severe daytime fatigue. Commonly, individuals seek help after being informed by their partners about loud snoring and noticeable breathing pauses during sleep.
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Somnambulism, commonly known as sleepwalking, involves individuals engaging in activities ranging from simple walking to more complex behaviors such as driving. Sleepwalking typically occurs during the slow-wave sleep stages 3 and 4 early in the night when the person is not dreaming, contradicting the myth that sleepwalkers are acting out their dreams.
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Substance use disorders involve a pattern of using drugs more extensively than intended and continuing use despite harmful consequences. This includes legal substances like alcohol and nicotine, as well as illegal drugs. These disorders often involve both physical and psychological dependence, reflecting compulsive use of substances that significantly alter thoughts, feelings, and behaviors, contributing to a major public health issue.
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Quantitative Measurement of the Immune Response and Sleep in Drosophila
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Sleep and stroke.

Salim Dib1, Alberto R Ramos2, Douglas M Wallace3

  • 1University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Clinical Research Building 1120 NW 14 Street, Office 1330 Miami, FL 33136.

Periodicum Biologorum
|March 12, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Obstructive Sleep-Disordered Breathing (OSDB) is a significant stroke risk factor. Treating OSDB can reduce stroke risk and improve outcomes, highlighting the need for increased awareness and screening.

Keywords:
cerebrovascular diseasesleep apnea.sleep disorderssnoringstroke

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Cardiology
  • Sleep Medicine

Background:

  • Obstructive Sleep-Disordered Breathing (OSDB) is an under-recognized contributor to stroke risk.
  • OSDB shares associations with traditional vascular risk factors like hypertension, obesity, and diabetes.
  • Untreated OSDB can negatively impact stroke rehabilitation, functional outcomes, and recurrence risk.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the epidemiology, clinical characteristics, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment of OSDB concerning stroke.
  • To emphasize the importance of OSDB in stroke prevention and management.
  • To highlight the bidirectional relationship between OSDB and stroke.

Main Methods:

  • This is a review article.
  • It synthesizes current knowledge on OSDB and stroke.
  • Focuses on epidemiological, clinical, pathophysiological, diagnostic, and therapeutic aspects.

Main Results:

  • OSDB is linked to increased stroke risk through direct and indirect pathways.
  • Effective treatment of OSDB significantly lowers stroke risk.
  • Stroke itself can exacerbate or even cause OSDB.

Conclusions:

  • Increased awareness and screening for OSDB are crucial for primary and secondary stroke prevention.
  • Addressing OSDB is vital for improving post-stroke recovery and reducing recurrence.
  • Comprehensive management of OSDB is essential in the context of stroke care.