Repair of Apical Triangle Defects Using Melolabial Rotation Flaps

Area of Science:

• Plastic Surgery
• Reconstructive Surgery
• Facial Anatomy

Background:

• The apical triangle, or alar-facial sulcus, is a critical facial structure.
• Reconstruction must preserve its central concavity and convex outlines for midfacial symmetry.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the efficacy of melolabial rotation flaps for apical triangle reconstruction.
• To assess outcomes and complications associated with this reconstructive technique.

Main Methods:

• Retrospective analysis of 86 surgical defects in the apical triangle.
• Defects were reconstructed using melolabial rotation flaps after Mohs micrographic surgery.
• Preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative data were analyzed.

Main Results:

• The apical triangle was successfully preserved in all cases.
• Clinical asymmetry occurred in only 3.4% of evaluated patients (68 total).
• No major complications or need for surgical revision were reported.

Conclusions:

• Melolabial rotation flaps are a viable option for single-stage reconstruction of apical triangle defects.
• This technique effectively restores form and function while maintaining aesthetic outcomes.