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Towards a second-generation PET/MR insert with enhanced timing and count rate performance.

Devin J Van Elburg1,2, Ravi Shrestha3, Andrew L Goertzen1,3

  • 1Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada.

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This study presents a new PET insert with improved timing and count rate performance for small animal PET/MR imaging. The second-generation design significantly enhances coincidence time resolution using silicon photomultipliers.

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Imaging
  • Nuclear Instrumentation
  • Biophysics

Background:

  • Developed a first-generation PET insert prototype for small animal PET/MR imaging.
  • Previous prototype utilized resistor-based charge division multiplexing and SensL B-series silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs).

Purpose of the Study:

  • Present results from a second-generation readout board with improved timing and count rate performance.
  • Evaluate detector boards using different SiPMs and MPPC arrays for PET/MR imaging applications.

Main Methods:

  • Tested three detector boards: first-generation (SiPM-B), second-generation with SensL ArrayC (SiPM-C) using 'fast' outputs, and second-generation with Hamamatsu MPPC arrays.
  • Acquired timing data using standard NIM electronics in coincidence with a reference detector.
  • Acquired count rate data using OpenPET data acquisition electronics system.

Main Results:

  • Achieved coincidence time resolution (CTR) of 550 ± 50 ps (SiPM-C) and 570 ± 30 ps (MPPC), a significant improvement over 2600 ± 200 ps (SiPM-B).
  • Observed reduced signal durations (600 ± 25 ns for SiPM-C, 350 ± 25 ns for MPPC) compared to SiPM-B (1850 ± 150 ns).
  • MPPC's shorter signal duration led to reduced pileup effects at higher count rates. Non-paralyzable dead time was 1.30-1.41 µs for all detectors.

Conclusions:

  • The second-generation readout board demonstrates substantially improved timing and count rate performance for PET/MR imaging.
  • The use of SensL ArrayC SiPMs and Hamamatsu MPPCs offers significant advantages for high-performance small animal PET systems.
  • Further optimization of signal processing in the OpenPET system could potentially reduce dead time and further enhance performance.