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Epidemiology of Meningitis in Oman-Implications for Future Surveillance

Padmamohan J Kurup1, Seif Al-Abri2, Salim Al-Mahrooqi2

  • 1Directorate General for Health Services, Muscat, Oman.

Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health
|March 14, 2019
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Meningitis cases in Oman declined, particularly for bacterial pathogens like Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae, following vaccine introduction. Enhanced surveillance and diagnostics are recommended.

Area of Science:

  • Epidemiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Vaccinology

Background:

  • Meningitis remains a significant public health concern globally.
  • Understanding epidemiological trends and microbial patterns is crucial for effective disease control.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the epidemiology of meningitis in Oman.
  • To assess changes in microbial patterns post-vaccine introduction.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of national meningitis surveillance data.
  • Review of 581 meningitis cases from 2005-2013.

Main Results:

  • Bacterial meningitis confirmed in 15% of cases; viral in 7.2%.
  • Streptococcus pneumoniae (65.9%) and Neisseria meningitides (18.2%) were primary bacterial pathogens.
  • A decline in Haemophilus influenzae and pneumococcal meningitis observed, potentially linked to immunization.

Conclusions:

  • Vaccine introduction may have reduced H. influenzae and pneumococcal meningitis.
  • Improving diagnostic accuracy and surveillance quality is essential.
Keywords:
Haemophilus influenzaeLumbar punctureMeningitisNeisseria meningitidesOmanStreptococcus pneumoniaeSurveillance

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