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Auditory brainstem stimulation with a conformable microfabricated array elicits responses with tonotopically

Amélie A Guex1, Ariel Edward Hight2, Shreya Narasimhan2

  • 1Laboratory for Soft Bioelectronic Interfaces, Centre for Neuroprosthetics, School of Engineering, Institute of Microengineering & Institute of Bioengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Switzerland.

Hearing Research
|March 15, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Auditory brainstem implants (ABIs) show promise for hearing restoration but have poor speech comprehension. This study developed a new electrode array for the cochlear nucleus to improve ABI function and reduce side effects.

Keywords:
ABIAuditory brainstem implantAuditory neuroprosthesisElectrical stimulationMicroelectrodeNeural stimulation

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Auditory Neuroscience

Background:

  • Auditory brainstem implants (ABIs) offer hearing restoration for individuals ineligible for cochlear implants.
  • ABI users experience limited speech comprehension and common side effects, potentially due to broad neural activation in the cochlear nucleus.
  • Detailed studies on cochlear nucleus surface stimulation responses are lacking.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the efficacy of a novel conformable electrode array for stimulating the dorsal cochlear nucleus (DCN).
  • To evaluate the potential of this array to improve ABI performance and reduce side effects.
  • To analyze the tonotopic organization of electrically evoked responses in the inferior colliculus (IC).

Main Methods:

  • Microfabrication of a 20-electrode conformable array for the rat DCN.
  • Recording evoked potentials and neural activity in the IC following DCN stimulation.
  • Analysis of response patterns, thresholds, and tonotopic organization.
  • Comparison of different stimulation parameters (electrode distance, stimulation type).

Main Results:

  • The conformable array elicited responses across most electrode pairs, suggesting consistent DCN surface excitation.
  • Electrically evoked responses in the IC showed less tonotopic organization and broader tuning compared to sound-evoked responses.
  • Tonotopic organization improved after subtracting common and late-phase activity, indicating potential principal cell involvement.
  • Increased inter-electrode distance reduced tonotopic organization, while monopolar stimulation had minimal effect.

Conclusions:

  • Conformable arrays may offer more uniform DCN stimulation, potentially mitigating ABI side effects.
  • Presenting tonotopic cues via surface arrays remains challenging for improving ABI speech comprehension.
  • Further research is needed to optimize ABI stimulation strategies for better auditory perception.