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Dynamic physiological temperature and pressure sensing with phase-resolved low-coherence interferometry.

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    We developed tiny fiber-optic sensors for measuring pressure and temperature simultaneously. These high-speed sensors are ideal for minimally invasive surgery due to their small size and sensitivity.

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    Area of Science:

    • Biomedical Engineering
    • Optical Sensing
    • Materials Science

    Background:

    • Accurate, real-time physiological monitoring is crucial in minimally invasive surgery.
    • Existing sensors often face limitations in size, sensitivity, or simultaneous measurement capabilities.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop and characterize highly miniaturized fiber-optic sensors for simultaneous pressure and temperature measurement.
    • To create a compact interrogation system with a high sampling rate for these sensors.

    Main Methods:

    • Fabrication of sensors using polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) to form multiple low-finesse optical cavities at the fiber distal ends.
    • Interrogation of sensors using phase-resolved low-coherence interferometry.
    • Characterization of sensor performance, including detectable temperature and pressure changes at high acquisition rates (250 Hz).

    Main Results:

    • Development of sensors with a maximum diameter of 250 µm.
    • Demonstration of high sensitivity, detecting temperature changes of 0.0021 °C and pressure changes of 0.22 mmHg.
    • Successful in vivo experiments showcasing sensor speed and sensitivity for dynamic physiological pressure waveform monitoring.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed miniaturized fiber-optic sensors offer simultaneous, high-sensitivity pressure and temperature measurement.
    • The compact, high-sampling-rate interrogation system complements the sensors' capabilities.
    • These sensors are well-suited for minimally invasive surgery applications requiring small dimensions, high sensitivity, and ease of manufacturing.