Iatrogenic Damage of Eye Tissues: Current Problems and Possible Solutions

Area of Science:

• Ophthalmology
• Cellular Biology
• Biochemistry

Background:

• The visual system is susceptible to iatrogenic damage from procedures like laser ocular surgery and prolonged anesthesia.
• This damage can lead to chronic degenerative changes in the cornea and retina, often exacerbated by oxidative stress.
• Current preventive and treatment strategies for iatrogenic eye disorders have limited efficacy.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the cellular and biochemical mechanisms of iatrogenic damage to eye tissues.
• To highlight the role of oxidative stress in hindering ocular tissue regeneration.
• To explore the potential of mitochondria-targeted antioxidants, such as SkQ1, in preventing and treating iatrogenic eye disorders.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of cellular and biochemical mechanisms of iatrogenic eye damage.
• Analysis of the role of oxidative stress and antioxidant defense in ocular tissue injury.
• Evaluation of the efficacy of mitochondria-targeted antioxidants in preclinical models.

Main Results:

• Oxidative stress is a key factor in iatrogenic eye damage, suppressing antioxidant defenses and hindering tissue repair.
• Mitochondria-targeted antioxidants, specifically SkQ1, demonstrate significant potential in preventing ocular tissue damage.
• Preventive administration of SkQ1 protects corneal and retinal cells from oxidative stress, restores antioxidant capacity, and reduces inflammation.

Conclusions:

• Iatrogenic damage to ocular tissues is a significant clinical concern, driven by oxidative stress.
• Mitochondria-targeted antioxidants, particularly SkQ1, offer a promising therapeutic strategy for preventing iatrogenic eye injury.
• Prophylactic application of SkQ1 can effectively protect eye tissues and support their recovery from medical procedure-induced damage.