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Changes in Auditory Brainstem Response in very preterm and late preterm infants

Jayashree Seethapathy1, Prakash Boominathan1, Ajith Kumar Uppunda2

  • 1Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (DU), Chennai, India.

International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology
|March 18, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Very preterm infants show delayed auditory brainstem response (ABR) maturation at 1 month, but catch up by 3 months corrected age. This indicates normal auditory development patterns in preterm infants.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Pediatrics
  • Audiology

Background:

  • Preterm birth poses risks to neurodevelopment, including the auditory system.
  • Auditory Brainstem Responses (ABR) are crucial for assessing auditory pathway maturation in infants.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare Auditory Brainstem Response (ABR) latencies in very preterm and late preterm infants.
  • To evaluate auditory system maturation at 1 and 3 months corrected age in these groups.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective cohort study involving 80 preterm infants (40 very preterm, 40 late preterm).
  • ABR traces were recorded using click stimuli at 70 and 30 dBnHL.
  • Absolute and interpeak latencies were analyzed and compared between groups at corrected ages of 1 and 3 months.

Main Results:

  • At 1 month corrected age, very preterm infants exhibited prolonged absolute and interpeak ABR latencies compared to late preterm infants.
  • These prolonged latencies in very preterm infants significantly reduced by 3 months corrected age, suggesting accelerated maturation.
  • Late preterm infants showed normal age-dependent latency reductions by 3 months corrected age.

Conclusions:

  • Auditory maturation in preterm infants follows a typical 'caudal to rostral' pattern.
  • Very preterm infants demonstrate less mature neuronal development at 1 month, which normalizes by 3 months corrected age.
  • The study confirms catch-up maturation in the central auditory nervous system of very preterm infants.
Abstract

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