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Generating Transposon Insertion Libraries in Gram-Negative Bacteria for High-Throughput Sequencing
Published on: July 7, 2020
Perioperative Chemoprophylaxis οr Treatment for Extensively Drug Resistant Gram-Negative Bacteria in Patients
E Massa1, E Michailidou1, S Papadopoulos1
1Intensive Care Unit, Hippokratio General Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece.
Introduction:
The importance of preoperative donor/recipient colonization or donor infection by extensively drug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria (XDR-GNB) and its relation to serious post-transplantation infection pathogenicity in liver transplantation (LT) patients has not been clarified.
Aim:
Prevention of postoperative infection due to XDR-GNB with the appropriate perioperative chemoprophylaxis or treatment based on preoperative donor/recipient surveillance cultures in LT patients, as well as their outcome.
Materials And Method:
Twenty-six patients (20 male, 6 female) were studied (average preoperative Model for End-Stage Liver Disease score ≈15, range: 8-29) from January 2017 to January 2018. In all patients, blood, urine, and bronchial secretions culture samples as well as a rectal colonization culture were taken pre- and postoperatively, once weekly after LT, and after intensive care unit discharge. Recipients with positive XDR-GNB colonization and patients receiving a transplant from a donor with an XDR-GNB positive culture or colonization received the appropriate chemoprophylaxis one half hour preoperatively according to culture results. De-escalation of the antibiotic regimen was done in 2 to 5 days based on the colonization/culture results of the donor and recipient and their clinical condition. Evaluation for serious infection was done at 1 week and at 28 days for outcome results.
Results:
Fourteen out of 26 recipients (53.8%) were positive for XDR-GNB colonization preoperative, with 2/14 (14.28%) presenting serious infection due to the same pathogen. Intensive care unit length of stay was significantly longer in colonized with XDR-GNB patients (P < .0001). The outcome of colonized patients was 6/14 (42.8%) expired, but only in 2/14 (14.2%) was mortality attributable to infection.
Conclusion:
Administering appropriate perioperative chemoprophylaxis and treatment may limit the frequency of XDR-GNB infections and intensive care unit length of stay and may improve the outcome in LT recipients.
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