Cardiovascular sequelae of pneumonia
Markus C Brack1,2, Jasmin Lienau1, Wolfgang M Kuebler3
1Division of Pulmonary Inflammation.
Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine
|March 21, 2019
Summary
Pneumonia can lead to cardiovascular events, with research showing direct pathogen damage and inflammatory responses contributing to heart issues. Further investigation is needed to prevent these cardiovascular sequelae after respiratory infections.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Infectious Diseases
- Immunology
Background:
- Epidemiological data link lower respiratory tract infections, particularly pneumonia, to increased short- and long-term cardiovascular events (CVEs).
- Biomarkers like cardiac troponin and coronary artery calcium show potential for predicting cardiac involvement post-pneumonia.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review current epidemiological data on cardiovascular sequelae following lower respiratory tract infections.
- To discuss recent findings from basic research elucidating the mechanisms linking pneumonia to cardiovascular complications.
Main Methods:
- Review of epidemiological studies and basic research findings.
- Analysis of mechanisms involving direct pathogen effects and host inflammatory responses.
Main Results:
- Pneumonia is associated with subsequent cardiovascular events, both short- and long-term.
- Streptococcus pneumoniae can directly damage the myocardium, leading to cardiac scarring.
- Pulmonary inflammation, involving neutrophil granulocytes, is linked to atherosclerotic plaque formation.
Conclusions:
- Pneumonia adversely affects cardiovascular function through direct pathogen invasion and inflammatory processes.
- Understanding the precise pathomechanisms is crucial for developing future strategies to prevent pneumonia-associated CVEs.
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