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User Behavior Evaluation in Robot-Assisted Retinal Surgery.

Changyan He1, Ali Ebrahimi2, Marina Roizenblatt3,4

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Robotic assistance in retinal microsurgery improves precision by reducing tremor and refining insertion speed. However, it increases surgery duration and applied forces on the sclera.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Robotics
  • Surgical Technology

Background:

  • Retinal microsurgery demands exceptional skill with minimal error tolerance.
  • Robotic assistance offers potential benefits like enhanced precision and tremor cancellation.
  • However, robotic systems can introduce challenges such as stiffness and nonintuitive controls, potentially hindering surgeon dexterity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To experimentally evaluate user behavior during mock retinal surgery with and without robotic assistance.
  • To quantify the impact of robotic assistance on surgical performance metrics.

Main Methods:

  • A preliminary study involving four users performing three mock retinal surgery tasks.
  • Tasks were conducted using both freehand and robot-assisted techniques.
  • User behavior was measured by forces applied to the sclera, tool insertion speed and depth, and surgery duration.

Main Results:

  • Robot assistance prolonged surgery duration and increased scleral manipulation forces.
  • Robot assistance refined tool insertion velocity and effectively eliminated hand tremor.
  • Analysis included univariate user behavior and correlations between multiple behavioral parameters.

Conclusions:

  • Robotic assistance in retinal microsurgery presents a trade-off between improved precision and potential drawbacks.
  • Further research is needed to optimize human-robot interaction for retinal microsurgery.
  • Findings highlight the need to balance robotic capabilities with surgeon dexterity and control.