Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 27, 2026

The Participant-Reported Implementation Update and Score PRIUS: A Novel Method for Capturing Implementation-Related Data Over Time
06:05

The Participant-Reported Implementation Update and Score PRIUS: A Novel Method for Capturing Implementation-Related Data Over Time

Published on: February 19, 2021

1.6K

An update on the Augustine blood group system.

Geoffrey Daniels1

  • 1retired, previously Head of Diagnostics, International Blood Group Reference Laboratory, Bristol, UK.

Immunohematology
|March 26, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Related Concept Videos

Blood Flow01:29

Blood Flow

75.7K
Blood is pumped by the heart into the aorta, the largest artery in the body, and then into increasingly smaller arteries, arterioles, and capillaries. The velocity of blood flow decreases with increased cross-sectional blood vessel area. As blood returns to the heart through venules and veins, its velocity increases. The movement of blood is encouraged by smooth muscle in the vessel walls, the movement of skeletal muscle surrounding the vessels, and one-way valves that prevent backflow.
75.7K
Composition of Blood01:22

Composition of Blood

11.7K
The blood in our bodies comprises three major components: blood plasma, formed elements, and the extracellular matrix. Blood plasma is a yellowish fluid that constitutes 55% of the total blood volume. It is primarily made up of water and essential substances such as electrolytes and proteins. Blood plasma serves as a medium for transporting blood cells and also contains nutrients, enzymes, hormones, antibodies, and gases.
Formed elements constitute the remaining 45% of the blood volume. These...
11.7K
Blood Types02:20

Blood Types

22.6K
Human blood is classified into different types based on the presence of antigens on the red blood cell's surface and antibodies in the plasma. Proper identification of blood type is essential for successful blood transfusion. The International Society of Blood Transfusion has identified 38 human blood types based on the surface antigens on the red blood cells. The most common types are ABO, Rh, and MNS blood types.
ABO blood group
ABO antigens are glycoproteins encoded by genes present on...
22.6K
The ABO Blood Group01:12

The ABO Blood Group

4.8K
The ABO blood group system is a critical element of transfusion medicine, essential for determining blood compatibility in transfusions and organ transplants. It is based on specific antigens, or agglutinogens, present on the surface of red blood cells (RBCs) and corresponding antibodies, or agglutinins, in the blood plasma.
Antigens in the ABO Blood Group System
Antigens are substances that can trigger an immune response, leading to the production of antibodies. In the ABO blood group system,...
4.8K
Rh Blood Group01:19

Rh Blood Group

2.9K
The Rhesus (Rh) antigen is crucial in determining blood groups and ensuring compatibility during blood transfusions.
2.9K
Blood Typing01:10

Blood Typing

2.5K
Understanding an individual's blood group is a critical component of transfusion medicine. It ensures compatibility in blood transfusions, organ transplants, and even during pregnancy. Determining these blood groups involves the ABO and Rh blood typing systems, utilizing specific antigens and corresponding anti-sera to identify an individual's blood type.
Antigens are protein molecules that reside on the surface of red blood cells (RBCs). The ABO and Rh blood typing systems target...
2.5K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

The Augustine blood group system, 48 years in the making.

Immunohematology·2016
See all related articles

The Augustine blood group system now includes four antigens. This update details new antigens, antibody significance, and the Augustine glycoprotein

Area of Science:

  • Immunohematology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • The Augustine (AUG) blood group system is a collection of human blood group antigens.
  • Previous understanding of the AUG system was limited.
  • The International Society of Blood Transfusion (ISBT) system 36 categorizes blood group antigens.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an update on the Augustine (AUG) blood group system.
  • To describe newly added antigens to the AUG system.
  • To present information on the clinical significance of AUG antibodies and the function of the AUG glycoprotein.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and data compilation.
  • Analysis of existing immunohematology databases.
  • Review of functional studies on the Augustine glycoprotein.

More Related Videos

Updated Protocol for the Assembly and Use of the Minibioreactor Array (MBRA)
09:38

Updated Protocol for the Assembly and Use of the Minibioreactor Array (MBRA)

Published on: September 5, 2025

875
In Vitro Microfluidic Disease Model to Study Whole Blood-Endothelial Interactions and Blood Clot Dynamics in Real-Time
09:19

In Vitro Microfluidic Disease Model to Study Whole Blood-Endothelial Interactions and Blood Clot Dynamics in Real-Time

Published on: May 24, 2020

9.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 27, 2026

The Participant-Reported Implementation Update and Score PRIUS: A Novel Method for Capturing Implementation-Related Data Over Time
06:05

The Participant-Reported Implementation Update and Score PRIUS: A Novel Method for Capturing Implementation-Related Data Over Time

Published on: February 19, 2021

1.6K
Updated Protocol for the Assembly and Use of the Minibioreactor Array (MBRA)
09:38

Updated Protocol for the Assembly and Use of the Minibioreactor Array (MBRA)

Published on: September 5, 2025

875
In Vitro Microfluidic Disease Model to Study Whole Blood-Endothelial Interactions and Blood Clot Dynamics in Real-Time
09:19

In Vitro Microfluidic Disease Model to Study Whole Blood-Endothelial Interactions and Blood Clot Dynamics in Real-Time

Published on: May 24, 2020

9.7K

Main Results:

  • Two new antigens have been added to the Augustine blood group system.
  • The AUG system now comprises a total of four antigens.
  • Information regarding the clinical relevance of Augustine antibodies is updated.
  • The function of the Augustine glycoprotein (equilibrative nucleoside transporter 1) is discussed.

Conclusions:

  • The Augustine blood group system has expanded with the addition of two new antigens, bringing the total to four.
  • Further research has elucidated the clinical significance of Augustine system antibodies.
  • The role of the Augustine glycoprotein, equilibrative nucleoside transporter 1, is better understood.