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Tree diversity regulates forest pest invasion.

Qinfeng Guo1, Songlin Fei2, Kevin M Potter3

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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|March 27, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Native tree diversity impacts nonnative pest invasions. At low diversity, more tree species aid pests, but at high diversity, they hinder pest establishment, a phenomenon known as dilution.

Keywords:
biotic resistanceconstraint envelopedilutionfacilitationhost vs. nonhost

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Area of Science:

  • Ecology
  • Forestry
  • Invasive Species Research

Background:

  • Nonnative pests cause significant ecological and socioeconomic damage.
  • The relationship between plant diversity and the success of insect and disease invasions is not well understood.
  • Previous research has primarily used small-scale experiments, with limited large-scale, natural ecosystem studies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the influence of tree diversity on pest invasions across the United States.
  • To determine if tree diversity facilitates or dilutes pest invasions at a large scale.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized subcontinental-level data on tree diversity and pest invasions.
  • Analyzed the relationship between tree species diversity and pest diversity across the conterminous United States.

Main Results:

  • A hump-shaped relationship was observed between tree diversity and pest diversity.
  • Pest diversity increased with tree diversity at lower levels, suggesting facilitation.
  • Pest diversity decreased at higher tree diversity levels, indicating a dilution effect.

Conclusions:

  • Tree diversity plays a dual role in regulating nonnative pest invasions, involving both facilitation and dilution.
  • The balance between facilitation and dilution shifts depending on the overall level of tree diversity.
  • Native species diversity is a key factor in managing nonnative pest invasions in forest ecosystems.