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Directing curli polymerization with DNA origami nucleators.

Xiuhai Mao1,2,3, Ke Li1, Mengmeng Liu4

  • 1Materials and Physical Biology Division, School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China.

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|March 29, 2019
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Researchers mimicked protein nucleators using DNA origami to study curli fibril formation in E. coli. This new tool reveals how nucleators control fibril growth, offering insights for bionanotechnology.

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Biophysics
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Protein fibril formation is crucial in physiology and pathology.
  • Molecular nucleators control fibril kinetics and structure.
  • Mechanisms of protein nucleators in cellular fibril formation are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a biomimetic tool to study protein nucleators.
  • To investigate the role of nucleators in curli polymerization.
  • To explore applications in bionanotechnology.

Main Methods:

  • Developed CsgB-decorated DNA origami (CB-origami) to mimic bacterial protein nucleators.
  • Studied curli subunit CsgA monomer polymerization.
  • Analyzed fibril growth dynamics and modes (departure and arrival).

Main Results:

  • CB-origami successfully mimicked protein nucleators in directing curli polymerization.
  • Nucleators accelerated fibril formation by increasing primary pathway proliferation.
  • Observed distinct departure and arrival modes of fibril growth.
  • Fibrils exhibited accelerated elongation rates compared to independent growth.

Conclusions:

  • CB-origami serves as an effective in vitro platform for studying molecular nucleation.
  • The study elucidates the dual role of nucleators as nucleation and trap sites.
  • Findings advance understanding of directional fibril polymerization for bionanotechnology.