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Pediatric Multidrug-resistant Tuberculosis in Kyiv City, Ukraine

Silvia Shinpei Chiang1,2, Yana Sheremeta3, Rachel Sophie Padilla4

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.

Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health
|April 2, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Pediatric Multidrug-resistant Tuberculosis (MDR-TB) in Ukraine showed excellent outcomes, with 90% of children successfully treated. This study highlights effective management strategies for pediatric MDR-TB in a high-burden region.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • The former Soviet republics have the highest proportion of Multidrug-resistant Tuberculosis (MDR-TB) cases globally.
  • Limited data exists on pediatric MDR-TB in this region, particularly in Ukraine.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the characteristics and treatment outcomes of pediatric MDR-TB in Ukraine.
  • To provide insights into managing this challenging disease in a high-burden setting.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective cohort study of children (<18 years) undergoing MDR-TB treatment in Kyiv, Ukraine (2011-2016).
  • Demographic and clinical data were abstracted from medical charts.
  • Fisher's exact test was used to compare confirmed vs. probable MDR-TB cases.

Main Results:

  • The study included 20 children with a median age of 5 years.
  • At diagnosis, 60% had intrathoracic lymphadenopathy as the sole radiographic abnormality; 10% were asymptomatic.
  • Adolescents and those with additional radiologic abnormalities were more likely to have confirmed MDR-TB.
  • Median treatment duration was 20 months.
  • 90% of children achieved successful treatment outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • Pediatric MDR-TB in Ukraine can be treated successfully, with outcomes comparable to global reports.
  • Effective management strategies are crucial for improving pediatric MDR-TB outcomes in high-burden regions.
  • Further research is needed to understand specific risk factors and optimize treatment protocols.

Keywords:
Multidrug-resistant tuberculosisUkraineadolescentchildren

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