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Updated: Jan 27, 2026

Chronic Salmonella Infection Induced Intestinal Fibrosis
Published on: September 22, 2019
Minimum Intestinal Inoculum for Nurmi Cultures and a New Method for Determining Competitive Exclusion of Salmonella
B Blanchfield1, S Stavric1, T Gleeson1
1Bureau of Microbial Hazards, Food Directorate, Health Protection Branch, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0L2.
Abstract:
Protection of chicks against Salmonella infection was obtained by oral administration of Nurmi cultures. The Nurmi cultures were prepared by inoculating adult chicken intestinal material (10-1 to 10-11 g) into anaerobic liquid medium and incubating for 3 d at 37°C. Excellent protection was obtained with cultures initiated with as little as 10-7 g of fecal or cecal content; progressively less protection with 10-8 to 5 × 10-10 g; and none with cultures initiated with 10-10 g. Protection was based on challenge of treated chicks with nalidixic acid-resistant (Nal+) Salmonella and enumeration of the Nal+ organisms in the chick cecal content 7 d later. To simplify the enumeration, a swab-plate method was developed. The method saves time and materials and gives relatively accurate (± 1 log10) determinations of Nal+ Salmonella over the range of 101 to 107 per g of cecal content.
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