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Ocular toxocariasis: atypical clinical course.
Cristina Fonseca1, Andreia Mendes Silva2, Sandra Freire3
1Ocular Inflammation Unit, Ophthalmology Department, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
BMJ Case Reports
|April 6, 2019
Summary
Ocular toxocariasis, caused by the parasite Toxocara canis, can lead to severe vision loss. Early diagnosis and treatment with albendazole and steroids are crucial for managing this parasitic eye infection.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Infectious Diseases
- Parasitology
Background:
- Optic neuritis is an inflammatory condition affecting the optic nerve.
- Ocular manifestations of parasitic infections can mimic other ocular diseases.
Observation:
- A 17-year-old male presented with left retro-orbital pain and altitudinal visual field defect.
- Fundus examination revealed optic disc edema, progressing to retinal granulomatous lesions, vitritis, and fibrotic strands.
Findings:
- Serum and aqueous humor analysis confirmed Toxocara canis infection via ELISA and immunoblot.
- Treatment with albendazole and oral steroids resulted in satisfactory initial outcomes.
Implications:
- This case highlights the importance of considering parasitic infections in the differential diagnosis of optic neuritis and retinal lesions.
- Delayed or missed diagnosis of ocular toxocariasis can lead to irreversible vision impairment, emphasizing the need for prompt diagnostic and therapeutic interventions.
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