A Cross-Linker-Based Poly(Ionic Liquid) for Sensitive Electrochemical Detection of 4-Nonylphenol

Area of Science:

• Electrochemistry
• Polymer Science
• Environmental Analysis

Background:

• 4-nonylphenol (4-NP) is an endocrine disruptor found in environmental water.
• Sensitive and selective detection methods for 4-NP are crucial for environmental monitoring.
• Poly(ionic liquid)s offer unique properties for electrochemical sensing applications.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop a novel cross-linker-based poly(ionic liquid) (PIL) for sensitive 4-nonylphenol detection.
• To fabricate and characterize a poly([V₂C₄(mim)₂]Br₂) modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE).
• To evaluate the electrochemical performance of the modified electrode for 4-NP detection in environmental water samples.

Main Methods:

• Synthesis of poly(1,4-butanediyl-3,3'-bis-l-vinylimidazolium dibromide) (poly([V₂C₄(mim)₂]Br₂)) via free-radical polymerization.
• Modification of GCE with poly([V₂C₄(mim)₂]Br₂) via drop-casting.
• Electrochemical characterization using cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy.
• Evaluation of sensor performance including sensitivity, selectivity, stability, and reusability.

Main Results:

• The poly([V₂C₄(mim)₂]Br₂)/GCE showed enhanced electrochemical activity compared to bare GCE.
• The modified electrode exhibited a 3.6-fold higher peak current response for 4-NP compared to a poly(EGDMA) modified electrode.
• A linear detection range of 0.05–5 μM and a detection limit of 0.01 μM (S/N = 3) for 4-NP were achieved.
• The sensor demonstrated excellent selectivity, stability, reusability, and effective detection in real water samples.

Conclusions:

• The developed cross-linker-based PIL sensor provides a sensitive and selective method for 4-NP detection.
• The poly([V₂C₄(mim)₂]Br₂)/GCE is a promising platform for environmental monitoring of 4-NP.
• This work highlights the potential of PILs in developing advanced electrochemical sensors for environmental pollutants.