Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 25, 2026

Preparation of a Corannulene-functionalized Hexahelicene by CopperI-catalyzed Alkyne-azide Cycloaddition of Nonplanar Polyaromatic Units
Published on: September 18, 2016
Copper-Catalyzed Alkyne-Azide Cycloaddition on the Solid Phase for the Preparation of Fully Click-Modified Nucleic
Malte Rosenthal1, Franziska Pfeiffer1, Günter Mayer2
1Chemical Biology, Life and Medical Sciences Institute (LIMES), University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
Abstract:
Click chemistry has become a widely used method to insert modifications into DNA. Due to its commercial availability, 5'-ethynyl-deoxyuridine (EdU) is commonly incorporated into the DNA for subsequent modification by click reaction. However, it is partially oxidized during deprotection during solid-phase synthesis, resulting in a ketone that is no longer accessible for click modification. To enable the high-fidelity solid-phase synthesis of EdU-containing DNA, this protocol describes a procedure to perform the click reaction on the solid phase before deprotection. Afterwards, the DNA can be deprotected and purified according to standard procedures, and the full modification of EdU with the azide of choice can be analyzed by HPLC and HPLC/MS.
Related Concept Videos
Nucleic Acids
DNA and RNA
The two main types of nucleic acids are deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA). DNA is the genetic material in all living organisms, ranging from single-celled bacteria to multicellular mammals. It is in the nucleus of eukaryotes and in the organelles, chloroplasts, and mitochondria. In prokaryotes,...
Nucleic acids
DNA and RNA
The two main types of nucleic acids are deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA). DNA is the genetic material in all living organisms, ranging from single-celled bacteria to multicellular mammals. It is in the nucleus of eukaryotes and in the organelles, chloroplasts, and mitochondria. In prokaryotes,...
Nucleic Acids
Alkynes to Aldehydes and Ketones: Acid-Catalyzed Hydration
Analogous to alkenes, alkynes also undergo acid-catalyzed hydration. While the addition of water to an alkene gives an alcohol, hydration of alkynes produces different products such as aldehydes and ketones.
Acid-Catalyzed Ring-Opening of Epoxides
Acidity of 1-Alkynes
The acidic strength of hydrocarbons follows the order: Alkynes > Alkenes > Alkanes. The strength of an acid is commonly expressed in units of pKa — the lower the pKa, the stronger the acid. Among the hydrocarbons, terminal alkynes have lower pKa values and are, therefore, more acidic. For example, the pKa values for ethane, ethene, and acetylene are 51, 44, and 25, respectively, as shown here.

