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Nanofibrous antibiotic-eluting matrices: Biocompatibility studies in a rat model
Patrícia C Passos1, Juliana Moro2, Raquel Cristine Silva Barcelos2
1Post-Graduate Program in Oral Science (Periodontology Unit), School of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
Summary
Degradable polydioxanone (PDS) matrices with antibiotics (metronidazole or ciprofloxacin) show good biocompatibility for subcutaneous implantation. These antibiotic-eluting systems are promising for combating periodontopathogens.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Drug Delivery Systems
- Tissue Engineering
Background:
- Polydioxanone (PDS) electrospun matrices are utilized for drug delivery.
- Antibiotic delivery systems are crucial for combating infections, particularly periodontopathogens.
- Evaluating the biocompatibility of antibiotic-loaded PDS matrices is essential for clinical translation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the biocompatibility of degradable PDS electrospun matrices containing metronidazole (MET) or ciprofloxacin (CIP) after subcutaneous implantation in rats.
- To evaluate the inflammatory cell response, collagen fiber degradation, and oxidative profile of these matrices.
- To determine the potential of antibiotic-eluting PDS matrices as a drug delivery system for periodontitis treatment.
Main Methods:
- Subcutaneous implantation of PDS matrices with varying antibiotic concentrations (MET or CIP) in rats.
- Assessment of inflammatory cell response (ICR), collagen fiber degradation, and oxidative stress markers (ROS, LP, PC) at 3 and 30 days post-implantation.
- Comparison of outcomes between sham surgery, antibiotic-free PDS, and antibiotic-eluting PDS groups.
Main Results:
- Antibiotic-eluting PDS matrices demonstrated favorable biocompatibility with low inflammatory cell response at both 3 and 30 days.
- Collagen fiber analysis indicated varying degradation patterns, with some antibiotic-eluting matrices promoting collagen production.
- Oxidative profiles were generally comparable or improved with antibiotic-eluting matrices, except for ciprofloxacin-eluting matrices showing higher protein carbonyl levels at 30 days.
Conclusions:
- Degradable polydioxanone (PDS) electrospun matrices loaded with metronidazole or ciprofloxacin exhibit promising biocompatibility.
- These antibiotic-eluting matrices represent a viable strategy for localized drug delivery to combat periodontopathogens.
- Further research may optimize these systems for enhanced therapeutic efficacy in periodontal disease treatment.
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