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Gastroenteritis Related Seizure with or without Fever: Comparison Clinical Features and Serum Sodium Level

Farhad Heydarian1, Elham Bakhtiari2, Shima Badzaee3

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.

Iranian Journal of Child Neurology
|May 1, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Fever in children with gastroenteritis increases the risk of seizures within 24 hours and mild hyponatremia. However, seizure characteristics like duration and type were similar between febrile and afebrile groups.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Neurology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Gastroenteritis is a common childhood illness.
  • Seizures can occur in children with gastroenteritis, with or without fever.
  • Understanding the clinical characteristics and serum sodium levels in these children is crucial for diagnosis and management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the clinical characteristics of seizures in children with gastroenteritis.
  • To compare serum sodium levels in children with gastroenteritis-related seizures, with or without fever.
  • To identify potential differences in seizure presentation and outcomes based on fever status.

Main Methods:

  • A clinical study was conducted with 165 children aged 6-60 months diagnosed with gastroenteritis-related seizures.
  • Data collected included demographic information, seizure and gastroenteritis characteristics, and laboratory findings, specifically serum sodium levels.
  • Patients were categorized into febrile and afebrile groups for comparative analysis.

Main Results:

  • Febrile children experienced seizures more frequently within the first 24 hours of gastroenteritis (36% vs. 6.4%).
  • Mild hyponatremia was more prevalent in the febrile group (26.3% vs. 8.5%).
  • No significant differences were observed in seizure type, duration, or post-seizure drowsiness between febrile and afebrile groups, or between hyponatremic and non-hyponatremic patients.

Conclusions:

  • Fever in children with gastroenteritis is associated with an increased risk of early-onset seizures and mild hyponatremia.
  • Clinical seizure characteristics and outcomes do not significantly differ based on the presence of fever.
  • Serum sodium levels, particularly mild hyponatremia, warrant attention in febrile children with gastroenteritis-related seizures.
Abstract

Keywords:
ChildFeverGastroenteritisSeizureSodium

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