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Binaural interference with simulated electric acoustic stimulation.

Chantal van Ginkel1, René H Gifford2, G Christopher Stecker2

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Cochlear implants (CI) with electric-acoustic stimulation (EAS) can improve hearing, but interactions between electrical and acoustic signals can cause problems. Bilateral CIs may offer better spatial hearing and tolerance to signal overlap than unilateral CIs.

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Area of Science:

  • Audiology
  • Neuroscience
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Preserved low-frequency hearing in cochlear implant (CI) users enables electric-acoustic stimulation (EAS).
  • EAS can enhance spatial hearing by improving access to binaural cues.
  • Potential interactions between electrical and acoustic stimuli can negatively impact EAS benefits.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of spectral overlap and binaural interference on spatial hearing cues in simulated EAS.
  • To compare the impact of unilateral versus bilateral electric stimulation on interaural cue discrimination.

Main Methods:

  • Simulated EAS in normal-hearing listeners using low-frequency noise and high-frequency electrical pulsatile distractors.
  • Measured interaural time difference (ITD) and interaural level difference (ILD) discrimination thresholds.
  • Varied spectral overlap and tested unilateral and bilateral electric stimulation conditions.

Main Results:

  • Unilateral electric distractors impaired ITD and ILD discrimination, indicating binaural interference and spectral overlap effects.
  • Reducing spectral overlap with an EAS gap improved binaural sensitivity.
  • Bilateral electric stimulation yielded significantly better thresholds than unilateral stimulation.
  • Bilateral stimulation showed higher tolerance to spectral overlap compared to unilateral EAS.

Conclusions:

  • Spectral overlap and binaural interference negatively affect spatial hearing in EAS.
  • Bilateral cochlear implantation with preserved bilateral acoustic hearing may improve tolerance to spectral overlap and enhance binaural sensitivity.
  • Bilateral EAS shows potential for superior outcomes in CI users with residual hearing.