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Updated: Jan 25, 2026

Surgical Models of Gastroesophageal Reflux with Mice
Published on: August 25, 2015
Management of Early Stage Gastric and Gastroesophageal Junction Malignancies
Feredun S Azari1, Robert E Roses1
1Department of Surgery, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce Street, 4 Silverstein Pavilion, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
Abstract:
Esophageal and gastric carcinomas are prevalent malignancies worldwide. In contrast to the poor prognosis associated with advanced stages of disease, early stage disease has a favorable prognosis. Early stage gastric cancer (ESGC) is defined as cancer in which the depth of invasion is limited to the submucosal layer of the stomach on histologic examination, regardless of lymph node status. ESGC that meets standard or expanded criteria can be treated via endoscopic mucosal resection and endoscopic submucosal dissection. Similar indications for endoscopic interventions exist for gastroesophageal junction and esophageal malignancies."
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