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Quantum Numbers

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 25, 2026

Gradient Echo Quantum Memory in Warm Atomic Vapor

Gradient Echo Quantum Memory in Warm Atomic Vapor

Published on: November 11, 2013

Quantum Markov Order.

Philip Taranto¹, Felix A Pollock¹, Simon Milz¹

¹School of Physics & Astronomy, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia.

Physical Review Letters

|May 4, 2019

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

We extend Markov order to open quantum processes, showing that quantum systems can exhibit distinct memory effects depending on how they are measured. This leads to a new definition of quantum Markov order tailored to specific measurement sequences.

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Area of Science:

Quantum information science
Quantum thermodynamics
Foundations of quantum mechanics

Background:

Markov processes describe systems with no memory of past states.
Open quantum systems interact with their environment, leading to complex dynamics.
Characterizing memory effects in quantum systems is crucial for quantum technologies.

Purpose of the Study:

To formally extend the concept of Markov order to open quantum processes.
To investigate the role of measurement instruments in defining quantum memory effects.
To develop a relaxed definition of quantum Markov order applicable to various measurement scenarios.

Main Methods:

Formal extension of Markov order to include measurement instruments.
Analysis of the classical limit for noninvasive, projective measurements.
Proof of the non-existence of universally finite Markov order for non-Markovian quantum processes.

Main Results:

The extended Markov order recovers classical properties under noninvasive measurements.
No non-Markovian quantum process exhibits finite Markov order for all possible instruments.
The same quantum process shows varying memory effects depending on the probing instrument.

Conclusions:

Quantum memory effects are instrument-dependent.
A relaxed, instrument-sequence-specific definition of quantum Markov order is proposed.
The findings open new avenues for exploring quantum memory and information dynamics.