Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Blind Procedures02:07

Blind Procedures

13.4K
Ideally, the people who observe and record the children’s behavior are unaware of who was assigned to the experimental or control group, in order to control for experimenter bias. Experimenter bias refers to the possibility that a researcher’s expectations might skew the results of the study. Remember, conducting an experiment requires a lot of planning, and the people involved in the research project have a vested interest in supporting their hypotheses. If the observers knew which...
13.4K
Feedback Inhibition00:46

Feedback Inhibition

57.0K
Biochemical reactions are occurring constantly in cells, converting starting substances to different products, usually with the help of enzymes that speed the reactions. Without enzymes, it would take far too long for most reactions to occur to be useful to the cell!
57.0K
Nonlinear Pharmacokinetics: Causes of Nonlinearity01:22

Nonlinear Pharmacokinetics: Causes of Nonlinearity

719
Nonlinearity in drug pharmacokinetics is caused by various factors influencing how a drug is absorbed, distributed, metabolized, and excreted. Understanding these nonlinear processes is crucial for predicting drug behavior in the body and optimizing drug dosing regimens.
Nonlinear drug absorption can occur when the process is rate-limited by solubility, carrier-mediated transport systems, or saturation of the presystemic gut wall or hepatic metabolism. For instance, high doses of riboflavin...
719
Blinding01:11

Blinding

3.8K
Blinding is a commonly used method of not telling participants which treatment a subject is receiving. Blinding is a critical part of a randomized control trial or RCT. It reduces the bias that affects the results. In an RCT, blinding is used in the form of a placebo. A placebo effect occurs when untreated subjects falsely believe they have received the treatment and report improved symptoms. A placebo or a dummy treatment is administered to subjects to negate the bias caused by such an effect.
3.8K
Feedback Loops01:01

Feedback Loops

64.3K
In most cases, excessive hormone production is prevented by negative feedback—a loop that starts with a stimulus inducing the release of a particular substance, like a hormone, to maintain a certain level before triggering a signal that results in a decrease in further release of the hormone.
64.3K
Effects of feedback01:24

Effects of feedback

1.0K
Feedback in control systems plays a critical role in shaping various operational parameters, extending beyond simple error reduction to influence stability, bandwidth, gain, impedance, and sensitivity. Understanding these effects requires examining a basic feedback system characterized by defined input, output, error, and feedback signals.
Feedback significantly modifies the gain of a control system. The gain of a system without feedback is altered by a factor of one plus GH, where G represents...
1.0K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Transmission matrix of a multimode fiber: In-line vs off-axis holography.

PloS one·2026
Same author

Information advantage in sensing revealed by Fano-resonant Fourier scatterometry.

Nature communications·2025
Same author

Inline calibration of spatial light modulators in nonlinear microscopy.

Applied optics·2025
Same author

Model-based aberration corrected microscopy inside a glass tube.

Journal of microscopy·2025
Same author

Orthonormalization of phase-only basis functions.

Optics express·2025
Same author

Nanometer Interlaced Displacement Metrology Using Diffractive Pancharatnam-Berry and Detour Phase Metasurfaces.

ACS photonics·2024

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 25, 2026

Measurement of Scattering Nonlinearities from a Single Plasmonic Nanoparticle
15:06

Measurement of Scattering Nonlinearities from a Single Plasmonic Nanoparticle

Published on: January 3, 2016

13.4K

Blind focusing through strongly scattering media using wavefront shaping with nonlinear feedback.

Gerwin Osnabrugge, Lyubov V Amitonova, Ivo M Vellekoop

    Optics Express
    |May 5, 2019
    PubMed
    Summary

    Wavefront shaping can blindly focus light through scattering media using nonlinear feedback. Our model defines the minimum requirements for successful blind focusing, advancing optical control in turbid environments.

    More Related Videos

    Implementation of a Nonlinear Microscope Based on Stimulated Raman Scattering
    09:13

    Implementation of a Nonlinear Microscope Based on Stimulated Raman Scattering

    Published on: July 6, 2019

    8.0K
    Transmission of Multiple Signals through an Optical Fiber Using Wavefront Shaping
    09:43

    Transmission of Multiple Signals through an Optical Fiber Using Wavefront Shaping

    Published on: March 20, 2017

    10.3K

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Jan 25, 2026

    Measurement of Scattering Nonlinearities from a Single Plasmonic Nanoparticle
    15:06

    Measurement of Scattering Nonlinearities from a Single Plasmonic Nanoparticle

    Published on: January 3, 2016

    13.4K
    Implementation of a Nonlinear Microscope Based on Stimulated Raman Scattering
    09:13

    Implementation of a Nonlinear Microscope Based on Stimulated Raman Scattering

    Published on: July 6, 2019

    8.0K
    Transmission of Multiple Signals through an Optical Fiber Using Wavefront Shaping
    09:43

    Transmission of Multiple Signals through an Optical Fiber Using Wavefront Shaping

    Published on: March 20, 2017

    10.3K

    Area of Science:

    • Optics
    • Photonics
    • Biomedical Optics

    Background:

    • Light scattering in turbid media hinders focus formation.
    • Wavefront shaping can overcome scattering with localized feedback.
    • Nonlinear feedback enables blind focusing without localized reporters.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop and validate a model for blind focusing statistics.
    • To determine the conditions for successful blind focusing via nonlinear feedback.
    • To identify minimal requirements for controlling light through scattering media.

    Main Methods:

    • Experimental validation of a statistical model for blind focusing.
    • Analysis of nonlinear feedback signal maximization.
    • Calculation of spatial light modulator (SLM) segment and nonlinearity order requirements.

    Main Results:

    • Maximizing nonlinear feedback achieves focus only with limited contributing reporters.
    • The developed model accurately describes blind focusing statistics.
    • Minimal requirements for SLM segments and nonlinearity order were calculated.

    Conclusions:

    • Blind focusing through scattering media is feasible using nonlinear feedback.
    • The model provides a quantitative understanding of the blind focusing process.
    • This work offers guidelines for optimizing wavefront shaping in turbid media.