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Perspectives on Neuroscience
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Why neuroscience does not disprove free will.

Marcel Brass1, Ariel Furstenberg2, Alfred R Mele3

  • 1Department of Experimental Psychology, Ghent University, Henri Dunantlaan 2, Ghent, 9000, Belgium.

Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews
|May 7, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Libet-style experiments challenge free will by showing brain activity precedes conscious decisions. However, this brain activity reflects the decision process, not its outcome, thus not disproving free will.

Keywords:
AttentionAwarenessBias-signalCOINTOB modelChoiceConditional intentionDecisionDrift-diffusion modelFree willImplementation intentionIntegration-to-bound processIntentional actionLibetPickingPsychopathologyReadiness potentialStochastic noiseVetoingVolitionW time

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Philosophy of Mind

Background:

  • The concept of free will has been debated for centuries.
  • Benjamin Libet's experiments 35 years ago questioned the causal efficacy of conscious intentions.
  • Libet's findings suggested unconscious processes determine decisions, with consciousness only retrospectively informed.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review challenges to the common interpretation of Libet-style tasks.
  • To argue that Libet-style tasks do not invalidate the intuition of free will.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on Libet-style experiments.
  • Analysis of the interpretation of brain activity preceding conscious decisions.

Main Results:

  • Brain activity preceding conscious decisions reflects the ongoing decision process.
  • This process is influenced by conditional intentions set by participants.
  • The common interpretation of Libet-style tasks is questionable.

Conclusions:

  • Libet-style tasks do not provide a conclusive challenge to the existence of free will.
  • Conscious intentions may still play a role in decision-making, despite preceding neural activity.