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Related Concept Videos

Pathophysiology of Diabetes01:20

Pathophysiology of Diabetes

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Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia. The four categories of diabetes are type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, other specific types of diabetes, and gestational diabetes.
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Diabetes: Management and Pharmacotherapy01:15

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The therapy for diabetes aims to alleviate hyperglycemia-related symptoms, prevent acute metabolic decompensation, and reduce chronic end-organ complications. Glycemic control is evaluated through short-term (self-monitoring, continuous glucose monitoring) and long-term (A1c, fructosamine) metrics, enabling near real-time tracking of blood glucose levels and reflecting glycemic control over specific time frames.
Insulin remains the cornerstone of treatment for most patients with type 1 and many...
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Psychoneuroimmunology: Diabetes and Cancer01:19

Psychoneuroimmunology: Diabetes and Cancer

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Chronic stress has been linked to both the onset and progression of serious health conditions, including Type 2 diabetes and cancer. Type 2 diabetes, a widespread chronic illness, is closely associated with obesity and insulin resistance, both of which often worsen under stress. Studies indicate that men experiencing high levels of chronic stress face a 45% higher risk of developing diabetes compared to those with minimal stress. Stress triggers physiological responses that elevate blood...
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Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational01:22

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Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, arises when the insulin receptors on cells lose responsiveness to insulin, diminishing the cell's capacity to take up glucose, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. To receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, a series of blood glucose tests are necessary to assess whether the blood glucose falls within normal parameters. If the result is out of the normal range, a patient may be diagnosed as prediabetic or diabetic, depending on the...
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Diabetes: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Complications01:15

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For most patients, experiencing several weeks of polyuria, polydipsia, fatigue, and significant weight loss may indicate the presence of diabetes. Furthermore, adults displaying the phenotypic appearance of type 2 diabetes (particularly those who are obese and not initially insulin-requiring), may have islet cell autoantibodies, suggesting autoimmune-mediated β cell destruction and a diagnosis of latent autoimmune diabetes of adults (LADA). The categorization of glucose homeostasis is...
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Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype01:22

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Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels due to inadequate insulin production, insulin resistance, or both. The condition affects millions worldwide and can significantly impact their health and quality of life.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 25, 2026

Assessment of Gastric Emptying in Non-obese Diabetic Mice Using a [13C]-octanoic Acid Breath Test
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Diabetic Gastroparesis.

Adil E Bharucha1, Yogish C Kudva2, David O Prichard3

  • 1Clinical Enteric Neuroscience Translational and Epidemiological Research Program, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.

Endocrine Reviews
|May 14, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Diabetic gastroparesis, a complication affecting up to 50% of diabetics, involves delayed gastric emptying. Management ranges from diet changes to advanced therapies for improved quality of life.

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Endocrinology
  • Diabetology

Background:

  • Diabetic gastroenteropathy encompasses all gastrointestinal manifestations of diabetes mellitus.
  • Delayed gastric emptying (GE) affects up to 50% of patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and suboptimal glycemic control.
  • Many patients with delayed GE are asymptomatic, while others experience dyspepsia or gastroparesis, significantly impairing quality of life.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical features, diagnosis, and management of diabetic gastroparesis and diabetic gastroenteropathy.
  • To explore the relationship between delayed GE and glycemic control.
  • To discuss current and emerging therapeutic strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on diabetic gastroparesis and gastroenteropathy.
  • Discussion of diagnostic methods for delayed GE, including scintigraphy, 13C breath tests, and wireless motility capsule.
  • Analysis of pathogenetic factors such as hyperglycemia, autonomic neuropathy, and enteric inflammation.

Main Results:

  • Delayed GE is common in diabetes, with varying clinical presentations from asymptomatic to severe gastroparesis.
  • Hyperglycemia, autonomic neuropathy, and enteric neuromuscular injury are key pathogenetic factors.
  • Management strategies are tailored to symptom severity, GE delay, and nutritional status.

Conclusions:

  • Diabetic gastroparesis is a significant complication impacting quality of life and mental health.
  • Effective management requires a multi-faceted approach, including lifestyle, medical, and potentially surgical interventions.
  • Emerging therapies offer new hope for patients with refractory symptoms.