[Column-integrated Aerosol Optical Properties Determined Using Ground-based Sun Photometry Measurements in the...

To investigate the optical properties of aerosols in the Hangzhou region (Hangzhou, Tonglu, Jiande, and Chun'an), the aerosol optical depth (AOD), Ångström exponent (AE), single scattering albedo (SSA), and aerosol size distribution (ASD) were measured using CIMEL sun-photometers in 2012. The results showed that the annual average values of AOD_440nm in Hangzhou, Tonglu, Jiande, and Chun'an were 0.94±0.16, 0.84±0.17, 0.82±0.22, and 0.71±0.20, respectively. The values generally decreased from the northeast to the southwest, and represented one of highest AOD districts in the Yangtze River Delta, China. The annual average values of AE_440-870nm were 1.24±0.12, 1.19±0.17, 1.06±0.04, and 1.04±0.10, respectively, indicating that particles with small average effective radii were predominant. The relatively lower AE values in March and April were generally attributed to the long-range transport of dust aerosols from Northwest China. Obvious diurnal variations in the AOD were found in Hangzhou, Tonglu, and Jiande, but not in Chun'an. An average fine-mode effective radius of~0.15 μm was observed in spring, autumn, and winter, while a value of~0.25 μm was observed in summer, in conjunction with aerosol hygroscopic growth. An average coarse-mode effective radius of~2.94 μm was observed in summer, autumn, and winter, which was higher than the value in spring. The annual average values of SSA_440nm were 0.91±0.01, 0.92±0.03, 0.92±0.02, 0.93±0.02, respectively, indicating that the particles had relatively strong to moderate absorption. Characterization of the aerosol types showed the predominance of biomass burning and urban industrial type aerosols in Hangzhou, while mixed type aerosols were observed in Tonglu, Jiande, and Chun'an.