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Sequences in popular cinema generate inconsistent event segmentation.

James E Cutting1

  • 1Department of Psychology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA. jec7@cornell.edu.

Attention, Perception & Psychophysics
|May 17, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Movie sequences, unlike scenes, maintain perceived continuity. This study analyzed 24 films, finding sequences increased over time and viewer perception of event boundaries is reduced by music and shorter, less modulated shot durations.

Keywords:
ContinuityEventsMoviesNarrativeSceneSegmentationSequenceSoundtrack

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive psychology
  • Film studies
  • Computational linguistics

Background:

  • Movies are structured into scenes and sequences, with scenes emphasizing continuity.
  • While film theory has addressed sequence structure, psychological research is limited.
  • Event segmentation theory provides a framework for understanding how viewers perceive event boundaries.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the structure and perception of movie sequences.
  • To examine the psychological factors influencing the perception of sequence boundaries.
  • To analyze the evolution of sequence structure in popular films over time.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 24 popular movies (1940-2010) using viewer judgments and physical measurements.
  • Inspection of films for narrative shift patterns (location, character, time) across shots.
  • Identification of sequences based on repeated shift types, sound coverage, and subscene duration.

Main Results:

  • Sequences have become more prevalent in movies over time.
  • Viewer perception of event boundaries decreases with the presence of music.
  • Shorter and less modulated shot durations also reduce the perception of event boundaries.

Conclusions:

  • The findings align with event segmentation theory.
  • Categorizing movie sequences by narrative shifts offers a framework for understanding film structure.
  • Psychological factors significantly influence the perception of continuity within movie sequences.