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Updated: Jan 24, 2026

Preparing a Celadonite Electron Source and Estimating Its Brightness
Published on: November 5, 2019
Characterization of a high-brightness, laser-cooled Li+ ion source
J R Gardner1, W R McGehee1, J J McClelland1
1Nanoscale Device Characterization Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, USA.
None:
Ion sources based on laser cooling have recently provided new pathways to high-resolution microscopy, ion milling, and ion implantation. Here, we present the design and detailed characterization of a 7Li magneto-optical trap ion source (MOTIS) with a peak brightness of (1.2 ± 0.2) × 105 A m-2 sr-1 eV-1 and a maximum continuous current over 1 nA. These values significantly surpass previous Li MOTIS performance benchmarks. Using simple models, we discuss how the performance of this system relates to fundamental operating limits. This source will support a range of projects using lithium ion beams for surface microscopy and nanostructure characterization, including Li+ implantation for studies of ionic transport in energy storage materials.
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