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Related Concept Videos

Anatomy of the Genitourinary System II: Bladder and Urethra01:19

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The lower urinary system consists of the urinary bladder and urethra, which are essential in storing and expelling urine from the body. Together with the internal and external sphincters, these structures work together to regulate urination effectively.Anatomy of the BladderThe urinary bladder is a muscular, stretchable organ behind the pubic bone and in front of the rectum. In females, the bladder is positioned anterior to the vagina and inferior to the uterus, while in males, it is located...
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Muscles of the Pelvic Floor and Perineum01:26

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The muscles of the pelvic floor and perineum are crucial for supporting the pelvic organs, controlling continence, and aiding in sexual function, childbirth, and core stability. They are typically divided into the superficial perineal layer and the deep pelvic floor layer.
Perineal Layer
The perineum is a diamond-shaped area below the pelvic diaphragm, divided into an anterior urogenital triangle that contains the external genitals and a posterior anal triangle housing the anus. The urogenital...
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Urinary Bladder01:23

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The urinary bladder is a hollow, muscular sac that temporarily stores urine before it is expelled from the body. It can hold approximately 600 mL of urine prior to micturition. The bladder is retroperitoneal and located behind the pubic symphysis in the pelvic floor.
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Vagina01:26

Vagina

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The vaginal canal is a tubular structure averaging about 10 cm in length that acts as the entryway to the female reproductive system and the passageway for menstrual flow and childbirth. The interior walls of the vagina exhibit concentric folds called rugae and are topped by an area known as the fornix, which connects with the protruding cervical portion of the uterus. This canal is comprised of an external fibrous layer, a muscular middle layer, and an inner lining with mucosal rugae, which...
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Urethra01:16

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The urethra is a hollowed tubular organ through which urine is expelled from the body. This structure extends from the bladder to the external opening, allowing urine to be released.
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Ureters01:22

Ureters

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The ureters are retroperitoneal tubes located on either side of the vertebral column. They are responsible for transporting urine from each kidney to the urinary bladder. These tubes have thick walls and are approximately 25-30 cm long. Their diameter is around 10 mm at the renal pelvis, gradually narrowing to 1 mm as the ureter obliquely enters the posterior bladder wall through the ureteric orifices. The shape of these orifices is slit-like, which helps to prevent urine backflow toward the...
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Updated: Jan 1, 2026

Isolation and Characterization of the Murine Uterosacral Ligaments and Pelvic Floor Organs
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[Female pelvic floor: anatomy and normal function].

Cornelia Betschart1, Adrian Singer1, David Scheiner1

  • 11 Klinik für Gynäkologie, UniversitätsSpital Zürich.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The female pelvic floor

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Area of Science:

  • Anatomy
  • Physiology

Background:

  • The female pelvic floor is crucial for continence, reproduction, and sexual function.
  • Understanding its anatomy is essential for comprehending these vital roles.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an overview of the key anatomical structures of the female pelvic floor.
  • To explain the normal functions associated with these structures.

Main Methods:

  • Review of anatomical knowledge from historical dissections.
  • Integration of modern imaging techniques and image processing.

Main Results:

  • Detailed description of pelvic floor anatomical components.
  • Explanation of how these structures collectively support pelvic organ function.

Conclusions:

  • A comprehensive understanding of pelvic floor anatomy is fundamental to appreciating its physiological roles.
  • Modern techniques enhance our knowledge of this complex anatomical region.