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Related Concept Videos

Inertial Frames of Reference01:03

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Newton’s first law is usually considered to be a statement about reference frames. It provides a method for identifying a special type of reference frame: the inertial reference frame. In principle, we can make the net force on a body zero. If its velocity relative to a given frame is constant, then that frame is said to be inertial. So, by definition, an inertial reference frame is a reference frame where Newton's first law holds valid. Newton's first law applies to objects with...
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A reference frame accelerating or decelerating relative to an inertial frame is a non-inertial frame. To help understand this, consider what taking off in an airplane, turning a corner in a car, riding a merry-go-round, and the circular motion of a tropical cyclone all have in common. All these systems are accelerating, decelerating, or rotating relative to the Earth; hence, they all are non-inertial frames. All these systems exhibit inertial forces, which merely seem to arise from motion,...
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A tough, fibrous membrane, the tunica albuginea, covers the testes, extending inward to form fibrous partitions or septa, dividing them into internal compartments called lobules. Each lobule has 1 to 3 tightly coiled seminiferous tubules where sperm production occurs. These tubules merge into a tubular network at the back of the testis, known as the rete testis. It connects to 15 to 20 efferent ductules, leading to the epididymis.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 24, 2026

A Reference Broth Microdilution Method for Dalbavancin In Vitro Susceptibility Testing of Bacteria that Grow Aerobically
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Loevinger on Unidimensional Tests with Reference to Guttman, Rasch, and Wright.

Mark H Stone1, A Jackson Stenner

  • 1Mark H. Stone, 30 Walnut Creek Lane, Oswego, IL 60543, USA, markhstone2@gmail.com.

Journal of Applied Measurement
|May 24, 2019
PubMed
Summary

This study evaluates Loevinger

Area of Science:

  • Psychometrics
  • Item Response Theory
  • Statistical Modeling

Background:

  • Loevinger's specifications are foundational for unidimensional tests.
  • Guttman's and Rasch's models offer complementary perspectives on objectivity.
  • Early data analysis principles by Wright inform modern psychometric evaluations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To discuss Loevinger's specifications for unidimensional tests.
  • To review implications using Guttman's and Rasch's objectivity criteria.
  • To evaluate these implications with a large sample and Wright's data analysis approach.

Main Methods:

  • Discussion of Loevinger's unidimensionality criteria.
  • Comparative analysis with Guttman's and Rasch's models.

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  • Empirical evaluation using a large population sample and Wright's data analysis framework.

    • Main Results:

    • The analyzed sample adheres to Loevinger's specifications for unidimensionality.
    • The sample also meets Rasch's criteria for specific objectivity.
    • This supports the practical application of these psychometric models.

    Conclusions:

    • Loevinger's and Rasch's specifications for unidimensional tests are compatible.
    • The findings validate the application of these models in large-scale data analysis.
    • This research contributes to the understanding of psychometric test construction and evaluation.