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Updated: Jan 24, 2026

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Published on: December 30, 2025
Update on Screening for Sight-Threatening Diabetic Retinopathy
Peter H Scanlon1,2,3,4
1Clinical Director English NHS Diabetic Eye Screening Programme, Cheltenham, United Kingdom, p.scanlon@nhs.net.
Purpose:
The aim of this article was to describe recent advances in the use of new technology in diabetic retinopathy screening by looking at studies that assessed the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of these technologies.
Methods:
The author conducts an ongoing search for articles relating to screening or management of diabetic retinopathy utilising Zetoc with keywords and contents page lists from relevant journals.
Results:
The areas discussed in this article are reference standards, alternatives to digital photography, area of retina covered by the screening method, size of the device and hand-held cameras, mydriasis versus non-mydriasis or a combination, measurement of distance visual acuity, grading of images, use of automated grading analysis and cost-effectiveness of the new technologies.
Conclusions:
There have been many recent advances in technology that may be adopted in the future by screening programmes for sight-threatening diabetic retinopathy but each device will need to demonstrate effectiveness and cost-effectiveness before more widespread adoption.
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