Intelligent Safe Driving Methods Based on Hybrid Automata and Ensemble CART Algorithms for Multihigh-Speed Trains

Considering both the tracking safety of multi-HSTs and the operational efficiency of a single HST, intelligent safe driving methods (ISDMs) are proposed to obtain better speed-distance curves by integrating hybrid automata (HA) with data mining algorithms in this paper. To begin with, an intelligent safe distance controller is established by using HA to ensure the tracking safety of multi-HSTs' operation in real time. Then, data-driven intelligent driving methods based on ensemble algorithms (Bagging or Adaboost.R) and classification and regression tree (CART) are proposed to discover the potential driving rules from the field driving data. Furthermore, because of the continuous rise of HST's operation mileage, the driving data collected from HST has increased tremendously compared with the subways. So, an iterative pruning error minimization algorithm is designed to reduce the redundancy of the driving data and improve the computational speed of the learning process. Finally, compared with the automatic train operation (ATO) method, the energy consumption of B-CART, A-CART, and S-A-CART algorithms can be decreased by 3.32%, 3.80%, and 4.30%, respectively.