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IMPLICATION OF GUT MICROBIOTA IN DIABETES MELLITUS AND OBESITY.

I Grigorescu1, D L Dumitrascu1

  • 1"Iuliu HaĊ£ieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2 Medical Department, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.

Acta Endocrinologica (Bucharest, Romania : 2005)
|June 1, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Gut microbiota composition impacts obesity and type 2 diabetes. Changes in gut bacteria, like reduced Clostridium and increased Lactobacillus, are linked to these conditions and may serve as early diagnostic markers.

Keywords:
gut inflammationmicrobiotaobesity

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Metabolic Health
  • Gut Microbiome Research

Background:

  • Gut microbiota composition is increasingly recognized for its role in metabolic diseases.
  • Significant differences exist in gut microbial communities between healthy individuals and those with type 2 diabetes mellitus or obesity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review studies on the role of gut microbiota in the development of diabetes mellitus and obesity.
  • To explore the predictive value of gut microbiota composition for metabolic disease evolution.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic literature search was conducted across electronic databases.
  • Included abstracts focused on mechanisms of pathogenesis and treatment via gut composition modification.
  • 259 articles were reviewed, excluding those lacking abstracts or specific mechanistic data.

Main Results:

  • Type 2 diabetes patients show decreased Clostridium and increased Lactobacillus/Bifidobacterium.
  • Obese individuals have fewer microbial genes, reduced Bacteroidetes, and increased Firmicutes.
  • Fecal microbiota transplantation demonstrated a link between donor microbiota and recipient somatotype; early Bifidobacteria levels may predict type 2 diabetes risk.

Conclusions:

  • Gut microbiota composition and its alterations from childhood play a crucial role in metabolic syndrome.
  • Interventions targeting the gut immune system are essential for preventing and treating obesity and diabetes mellitus.