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Published on: November 1, 2013
Causes and effects of haploinsufficiency
Adam F Johnson1, Ha T Nguyen1, Reiner A Veitia2
1Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, 550000, Vietnam.
Abstract:
Haploinsufficiency is a form of genetic dominance and is the underlying mechanism of numerous human inherited conditions in which the causal genes are sensitive to altered dosage. This review examines the poorly understood relationships between haploinsufficiency, dosage sensitivity and genetic dominance, whose common theme is the existence of nonlinear relationships between genotype and phenotype. We present an up-to-date account of the bases of haploinsufficiency from the perspective of theoretical and experimental models. We also discuss human conditions caused by haploinsufficiency, including developmental syndromes and cancer. Connections between the understanding of these conditions' genetic mechanisms and advances in treatments are also described.
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