Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Polymers02:34

Polymers

40.5K
The word polymer is derived from the Greek words “poly” which means “many” and “mer” which means “parts”. Polymers are long chains of molecules composed of repeating units of smaller molecules, known as monomers. They either occur naturally, such as DNA and proteins, or can be constructed synthetically, like plastics. They have varied structural characteristics, such as linear chains, branched chains, or complex networks, that contribute to the...
40.5K
Polymers02:34

Polymers

23.2K
23.2K
Electron Transport Chains01:28

Electron Transport Chains

111.8K
The final stage of cellular respiration is oxidative phosphorylation that consists of two steps: the electron transport chain and chemiosmosis. The electron transport chain is a set of proteins found in the inner mitochondrial membrane in eukaryotic cells. Its primary function is to establish a proton gradient that can be used during chemiosmosis to produce ATP and generate electron carriers, such as NAD+ and FAD, that are used in glycolysis and the citric acid cycle.
The ETC is comprised of...
111.8K
Intramolecular Claisen Condensation of Dicarboxylic Esters: Dieckmann Cyclization01:13

Intramolecular Claisen Condensation of Dicarboxylic Esters: Dieckmann Cyclization

3.2K
Dieckmann cyclization is an intramolecular Claisen condensation of diesters. The reaction occurs in the presence of a base and generates a cyclic β-ketoester as the final product. Commonly, 1, 6 and 1, 7-diesters are preferred substrates for the reaction since the generated five, and six-membered cyclic β-keto esters are particularly more stable.
3.2K
Resistivity01:22

Resistivity

4.4K
When a voltage is applied to a conductor, an electrical field is generated, and charges in the conductor feel the force due to the electrical field. The current density that results depends on the electrical field and the properties of the material. In some materials, including metals at a given temperature, the current density is approximately proportional to the electrical field. In these cases, the current density can be modeled as:
4.4K
Resistance01:19

Resistance

5.7K
When a current moves through any conductor, the conductor causes some level of difficulty for the current to flow. The measure of that difficulty is known as the resistance of the material and is represented by R. Every material has its own resistance. In the case of conductors, heat is emitted whenever a current passes through them. Resistance depends on the resistivity of the material. Resistivity is a characteristic of the material used to fabricate electrical components, whereas the...
5.7K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Impact of Exercise Regimens on Childhood Obesity Through Gut Microbiota Regulation: A Systematic Review.

International journal of endocrinology·2026
Same author

Nanocomplexes Integrated into a Polymeric Bilayer Film Enhance Buccal Permeation of a GLP-1 Peptide Analogue.

ACS applied materials & interfaces·2026
Same author

Polymeric Delivery System for mRNA Therapeutics: Design Principles and Recent Advances.

Genes·2026
Same author

Valence-Arousal Asymmetry: Rethinking Facial Emotion Recognition in Preschool Autism Through Eye-Tracking.

Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research·2026
Same author

Hyperbranched poly(β-amino ester)s-mediated delivery of engineered Klotho mRNA rescues senescence and restores cellular homeostasis in aged and Klotho deficient iMSCs.

Drug delivery and translational research·2026
Same author

A Novel Framework for Quantitative Evaluation of Resilience Performance of Sea Lanes of Communication.

Risk analysis : an official publication of the Society for Risk Analysis·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 24, 2026

High-throughput Identification of Bacteria Repellent Polymers for Medical Devices
10:43

High-throughput Identification of Bacteria Repellent Polymers for Medical Devices

Published on: November 5, 2016

9.5K

Bacteria-Resistant Single Chain Cyclized/Knotted Polymer Coatings.

Qian Xu1, Sigen A1, Manon Venet1

  • 1Charles Institute of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University College, Dublin, Ireland.

Angewandte Chemie (International Ed. in English)
|June 1, 2019
PubMed
Summary

New single chain cyclized/knotted polymers (SCKPs) show significantly enhanced resistance to bacterial attachment and biofilm formation. This unique polymer structure offers improved material defense against bacteria.

Keywords:
RAFT polymerizationantimicrobial surfacecoatingmultivinyl monomerssingle chain cyclized/knotted polymer

More Related Videos

Preparation of Highly Porous Coordination Polymer Coatings on Macroporous Polymer Monoliths for Enhanced Enrichment of Phosphopeptides
10:27

Preparation of Highly Porous Coordination Polymer Coatings on Macroporous Polymer Monoliths for Enhanced Enrichment of Phosphopeptides

Published on: July 14, 2015

10.5K
Biosensor for Detection of Antibiotic Resistant Staphylococcus Bacteria
14:04

Biosensor for Detection of Antibiotic Resistant Staphylococcus Bacteria

Published on: May 8, 2013

25.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 24, 2026

High-throughput Identification of Bacteria Repellent Polymers for Medical Devices
10:43

High-throughput Identification of Bacteria Repellent Polymers for Medical Devices

Published on: November 5, 2016

9.5K
Preparation of Highly Porous Coordination Polymer Coatings on Macroporous Polymer Monoliths for Enhanced Enrichment of Phosphopeptides
10:27

Preparation of Highly Porous Coordination Polymer Coatings on Macroporous Polymer Monoliths for Enhanced Enrichment of Phosphopeptides

Published on: July 14, 2015

10.5K
Biosensor for Detection of Antibiotic Resistant Staphylococcus Bacteria
14:04

Biosensor for Detection of Antibiotic Resistant Staphylococcus Bacteria

Published on: May 8, 2013

25.1K

Area of Science:

  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Biomaterials Engineering

Background:

  • Conventional polymers (linear, branched, crosslinked, dendritic) have limitations in certain applications.
  • Single chain cyclized/knotted polymers (SCKPs) represent a novel polymer architecture with distinct properties.
  • Developing materials with inherent bacteria resistance is crucial for various applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize bacteria-resistant single chain cyclized/knotted polymers (SCKPs).
  • To investigate the impact of the SCKP structure on the bacteria resistance of polymer films.
  • To understand the mechanisms behind the enhanced bacteria resistance.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of four SCKPs via reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) homopolymerization of multivinyl monomers (MVMs).
  • Crosslinking of SCKPs using UV light to form polymer films.
  • Evaluation of bacterial attachment and biofilm formation on SCKP films compared to non-SCKP films.

Main Results:

  • All synthesized SCKP films exhibited significantly higher resistance to bacteria compared to non-SCKP films.
  • SCKP films demonstrated up to 75% reduction in bacterial attachment and biofilm formation.
  • The enhanced bacteria resistance is attributed to altered surface morphology and hydrophobicity of SCKP films.

Conclusions:

  • The unique single chain cyclized/knotted polymer structure plays a critical role in enhancing bacteria resistance.
  • SCKPs offer a promising strategy for developing advanced polymeric materials with improved antimicrobial properties.
  • Surface properties, specifically morphology and hydrophobicity, are key factors mediating the bacteria resistance of SCKPs.