Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 23, 2026
06:34
Evaluation of Left Ventricular Structure and Function using 3D Echocardiography
Published on: October 28, 2020
4.6K
Structural abnormalities in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy beyond left ventricular hypertrophy by multimodality imaging
Jose Angel Urbano-Moral1,2, Laura Gutierrez-Garcia-Moreno1, Jose Fernando Rodriguez-Palomares1
1Inherited Cardiovascular Diseases Unit and Cardiovascular Imaging Laboratory, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain.
Echocardiography (Mount Kisco, N.Y.)
|June 5, 2019
Summary
Structural abnormalities beyond hypertrophy are common in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). Multimodality imaging using echocardiography and cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) is effective for assessing these HCM facets.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Medical Imaging
- Genetics
Background:
- Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) presents diverse phenotypes beyond myocardial hypertrophy.
- Previous studies using echocardiography and cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) have indicated various structural abnormalities in HCM.
Purpose of the Study:
- To comprehensively characterize structural abnormalities in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) beyond hypertrophy.
- To evaluate the utility of multimodality imaging, including echocardiography and CMR, in identifying these abnormalities.
Main Methods:
- 100 patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and 70 healthy controls were prospectively enrolled.
- Standard and contrast echocardiography, along with CMR, were performed to assess morphological characteristics of the mitral valve leaflets (MVL), subvalvular apparatus, and left ventricular cavity and wall.
- Data analysis focused on comparing HCM patients to controls and assessing the agreement and reproducibility of echocardiography and CMR findings.
Main Results:
- HCM patients exhibited significantly longer mitral valve leaflets (MVLs) compared to controls.
- Abnormalities such as abnormal chordal attachment, papillary muscle displacement, accessory muscle bundles, direct papillary muscle insertion, and hypertrabeculation were prevalent in HCM patients.
- Myocardial crypts were detected in 16% of HCM patients via contrast echocardiography, with 83% of subjects showing at least one phenotypic manifestation.
- Echocardiography and CMR showed poor agreement for MVL length but moderate to substantial agreement for other structural characteristics, with acceptable reproducibility for most findings.
Conclusions:
- Structural abnormalities are common in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and extend beyond myocardial hypertrophy.
- A multimodality imaging approach combining echocardiography and CMR is feasible and desirable for a comprehensive assessment of these HCM facets.
- These findings highlight the importance of detailed imaging in understanding the full spectrum of HCM pathology.
Keywords:
cardiac magnetic resonance imagingcontrast echocardiographyechocardiographyhypertrophic cardiomyopathymitral valveMore Related Videos
03:45Investigating the Pathogenesis of MYH7 Mutation Gly823Glu in Familial Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy using a Mouse Model
Published on: August 8, 2022
4.2K
08:34Technique of Minimally Invasive Transverse Aortic Constriction in Mice for Induction of Left Ventricular Hypertrophy
Published on: September 25, 2017
25.4K
Related Concept Videos
01:29Cardiomyopathy III: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
440
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, or HCM, is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder characterized by asymmetric left ventricular hypertrophy without ventricular dilation. It is more common in men and is typically diagnosed in young, athletic adults.EtiologyHCM is primarily genetic and is caused by mutations in genes encoding sarcomeric proteins. Researchers have identified over 1400 mutations across at least 11 different genes. Among these, the most frequently occurring mutations are found in the...
440
02:23Abnormal Proliferation
5.1K
Under normal conditions, most adult cells remain in a non-proliferative state unless stimulated by internal or external factors to replace lost cells. Abnormal cell proliferation is a condition in which the cell's growth exceeds and is uncoordinated with normal cells. In such situations, cell division persists in the same excessive manner even after cessation of the stimuli, leading to persistent tumors. The tumor arises from the damaged cells that replicate to pass the damage to the...
5.1K
01:30Cardiomyopathy II: Dilated Cardiomyopathy
502
Dilated cardiomyopathy, or DCM, is a progressive myocardial disorder characterized by ventricular chamber dilation and contractile dysfunction.EtiologyVarious factors can cause DCM, including hypertension and heavy alcohol intake, which contribute to the weakening and enlargement of the heart muscle. Viral infections, such as Coxsackievirus B, adenoviruses, and influenza, can lead to DCM by causing inflammation and damage to heart tissue. Certain chemotherapeutic agents, including daunorubicin,...
502
01:29Cardiomyopathy IV: Restrictive Cardiomyopathy
490
Restrictive cardiomyopathy (RCM) is a rare heart muscle disease characterized by impaired ventricular filling due to stiffened ventricular walls, leading to significant diastolic dysfunction.EtiologyRestrictive cardiomyopathy can arise from both inherited and acquired diseases, many of which are systemic. It is categorized into four main types: infiltrative, storage, non-infiltrative, and endomyocardial diseases.Infiltrative diseases, such as amyloidosis, lead to RCM by depositing amyloid...
490
01:29Cardiomyopathy V: Interprofessional Care
365
Managing cardiomyopathy involves addressing underlying or precipitating causes, treating heart failure with medications, and implementing dietary changes and a balanced exercise and rest regimen.Lifestyle ModificationsCardiomyopathy patients should adopt a low-sodium diet to reduce fluid retention and manage heart failure. A personalized exercise and rest plan helps maintain physical fitness without overstraining the heart. Avoiding alcohol and tobacco is essential to prevent further damage to...
365
01:30Respiratory System Abnormal Finding I: Inspection and Percussion
796
Respiratory system abnormalities are a significant concern in healthcare due to their potential to indicate underlying severe conditions like Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), asthma, and pneumonia. These abnormalities can often be detected through physical examination methods like inspection and percussion.
Inspection Findings
During an inspection, several findings may suggest the presence of respiratory distress or disease. Pursed-lip breathing, where exhalation is slowed by...
Inspection Findings
During an inspection, several findings may suggest the presence of respiratory distress or disease. Pursed-lip breathing, where exhalation is slowed by...
796