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Related Concept Videos

Cancer02:18

Cancer

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Cancers arise due to mutations in genes involved in the regulation of cell division, which leads to unrestricted cell proliferation. Modern science and medicine have made great strides in the understanding and treatment of cancer, including eradicating cancer in some patients. However, there is still no cure for cancer. This is largely due to the fact that cancer is a large group of many diseases.
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What is Cancer?02:12

What is Cancer?

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Cells and tissues must meticulously coordinate their activities for the normal functioning of the human body. Therefore, they exhibit socially responsible behavior - resting, growing, dividing, differentiating, or dying - for the organism’s benefit. Cancer arises when cells divide uncontrollably and invade other tissues or organs.
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Cancer Prevention02:59

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Several factors can increase the risk of cancer in an individual. About 50% of cancer cases can be prevented by adopting a healthy lifestyle, regular exercise, eating healthy, and following a modest cancer prevention diet. Epidemiological studies have consistently shown that populations with vegetable and fruit-rich diets have reduced the incidence of cancer. On the other hand, populations who have a diet rich in animal fat, red meat, junk food, or high calories are predisposed to cancer.
Some...
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Cancer Therapies02:49

Cancer Therapies

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Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
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Cancer Vaccines01:30

Cancer Vaccines

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Cancer treatment vaccines are a rapidly evolving field that offers a promising approach to immunotherapy. Unlike traditional vaccines that prevent diseases, cancer treatment vaccines are designed to treat existing cancers by stimulating the immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells.
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Skin Cancer01:30

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Skin cancer is a type of cancer that occurs when there is an abnormal growth of skin cells, usually triggered by damage to the DNA within the skin cells. It is primarily caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or artificial sources like tanning beds. Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide, and its incidence continues to rise.
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Application of Flow Vermimetry for Quantification and Analysis of the Caenorhabditis elegans Gut Microbiome
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The cancer microbiome.

Eran Elinav1,2, Wendy S Garrett3,4,5, Giorgio Trinchieri6

  • 1Immunology Department, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel. eran.elinav@weizmann.ac.il.

Nature Reviews. Cancer
|June 13, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The human microbiota influences cancer development and treatment response. Future research aims to identify specific microbes and mechanisms to develop microbiota-based cancer therapeutics.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Microbiology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • The body's commensal microorganisms, collectively the microbiota, produce metabolites affecting cancer.
  • Traditional studies used mouse models to link microbiota to cancer, but human studies are now emerging.
  • The microbiota's impact on cancer treatments, like immunotherapy, is increasingly recognized in humans.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To gather expert opinions on the current state of cancer microbiome research.
  • To discuss future research directions in the field.
  • To explore strategies for developing microbiota-based cancer therapeutics.

Main Methods:

  • This viewpoint article presents the opinions of four leading scientists in the cancer microbiome field.
  • It synthesizes current knowledge and expert perspectives on the role of the microbiota in cancer.
  • The article focuses on identifying causal microbial species and their mechanisms of action.

Main Results:

  • The microbiota significantly impacts cancer onset, progression, and response to therapies, including immunotherapies.
  • Current research is shifting from correlative studies in mice to mechanistic investigations in humans.
  • Identifying specific microbial species and their causal roles is crucial for therapeutic development.

Conclusions:

  • Advancing cancer microbiome research requires identifying causal microbial species and elucidating underlying mechanisms.
  • Developing rationally designed, microbiota-based therapeutics holds promise for transforming cancer treatment strategies.
  • Future efforts should focus on translating microbiome insights into effective clinical applications for cancer patients.