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Updated: Jan 23, 2026

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Eustachian tube dysfunction in children with cleft palate: A tympanometric time-to-event analysis

Jamie L Funamura1, Mena Said1, Sharon J Lin1

  • 1Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, UC Davis Health, Sacramento, California, U.S.A.

The Laryngoscope
|June 14, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Children with cleft palate experience delayed Eustachian tube function, with normal tympanograms achieved significantly later than in children with cleft lip only. This delay is not linked to cleft severity.

Area of Science:

  • Otolaryngology
  • Pediatric Health
  • Genetics and Developmental Biology

Background:

  • Eustachian tube dysfunction (ETD) is common in children with cleft palate.
  • Understanding the duration and predictors of ETD is crucial for managing otologic complications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the time to resolution of ETD in children with cleft palate versus those with cleft lip only.
  • To identify factors predicting earlier resolution of ETD in children with cleft palate.

Main Methods:

  • Longitudinal tympanometric data from over 10 years were analyzed.
  • Time-to-event analysis (Cox proportional hazard models) was used to compare groups.
  • Association between tympanometry results and clinical/demographic factors was assessed.

Main Results:

  • Children with cleft palate achieved normal tympanograms (Type A) at a median age of 9.9 years (one ear) and 12.1 years (both ears).
  • This is significantly later than children with cleft lip only (7.1 and 7.4 years, respectively).
  • Cleft severity or associated syndromes did not predict the time to normal tympanograms.

Conclusions:

  • Children with cleft palate exhibit a delayed onset of normal Eustachian tube function.
  • The degree of palatal clefting does not influence the duration of Eustachian tube dysfunction.
Abstract

Keywords:
Pressure equalizationtympanogramtympanostomyventilation

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