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Preparation of Meiotic Chromosome Spreads from Zebrafish Spermatocytes

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Published on: March 3, 2020

Engineering meiotic recombination pathways in rice.

Ian Fayos^1,2, Delphine Mieulet^1,2, Julie Petit^1,2

¹Cirad, UMR AGAP, Montpellier, France.

Plant Biotechnology Journal

|June 15, 2019

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Scientists have advanced understanding of meiotic genes in plants like rice, enabling manipulation of meiotic recombination for crop improvement and apomixis. This research is crucial for global food security.

Keywords:

apomixis crossovers meiosis recombination rice

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Area of Science:

Plant genetics
Molecular biology
Reproductive biology

Background:

Significant progress in understanding meiotic genes in Arabidopsis and rice over the past 15 years.
This knowledge has enabled modulation of meiotic recombination in these plant models.

Purpose of the Study:

To review recent advances and future prospects in manipulating meiotic recombination in rice and other major crops.
To highlight the importance of these manipulations for global food security.

Main Methods:

Inactivation of rice FANCM and RECQ4 DNA helicases to stimulate crossover (CO) frequency.
Programmed induction of double-strand breaks (DSBs) and COs by guiding SPO11-1 to specific genomic regions.
Creation of the Mitosis instead of Meiosis (MiMe) mutant by inactivating PAIR1, OsREC8, and OsOSD1 to achieve apomeiosis.

Main Results:

Crossover frequency in rice was stimulated 2.3- and 3.2-fold by inactivating FANCM and RECQ4, respectively.
The MiMe mutant abolished recombination, achieving apomeiosis, the first component of apomixis.
Breakthrough strategies were implemented to complete diplosporous apomixis by triggering parthenogenesis.

Conclusions:

Manipulation of meiotic recombination in rice offers significant potential for crop improvement.
Achieving apomixis through genetic modification is a key advancement with implications for agriculture.
Continued research in meiotic gene function is essential for ensuring global food security.