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Correlation between ANA determinations on tissue substrate, WiL-2 cell substrate, and precipitin antibody by double
J S Deng1, L W Bair, T A Medsger
1Department of Dermatology, VA Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA.
Diagnostic and Clinical Immunology
|January 1, 1987
Summary
WiL-2 cell smears detect more fluorescent antinuclear antibodies (ANA) in connective tissue diseases than mouse kidney sections. This method correlates strongly with precipitin antibodies, improving ANA detection frequency.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Rheumatology
- Cell Biology
Background:
- Antinuclear antibodies (ANA) are key biomarkers for connective tissue diseases.
- Traditional ANA detection methods using mouse kidney sections may have limitations in sensitivity.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the diagnostic utility of WiL-2 cell smears as an alternative substrate for ANA detection.
- To assess the correlation between WiL-2 cell ANA results and precipitin antibody detection.
Main Methods:
- Screening of 455 sera from patients with connective tissue diseases.
- Detection of fluorescent antinuclear antibodies (ANA) using mouse kidney sections and WiL-2 cell smears.
- Detection of precipitin antibodies using WiL-2 cell extracts as antigen.
Main Results:
- WiL-2 cell smears detected ANA in 98% of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) cases, compared to 73% with mouse kidney sections.
- 33 ANA-negative sera on mouse kidney sections were positive on WiL-2 cells and for precipitin antibodies.
- A strong correlation was observed between WiL-2 cell ANA and precipitin antibodies, including anti-SSA/Ro, anti-SSB/La, and anti-nRNP.
Conclusions:
- WiL-2 cell smears enhance ANA detection frequency in connective tissue diseases.
- WiL-2 cell-based ANA testing shows a significant correlation with precipitin antibody presence.
- This substrate improves diagnostic sensitivity for ANA, particularly in cases negative by conventional methods.