Operational research techniques applied throughout cancer care services: a review

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Operations Research
• Health Services Research

Background:

• Cancer incidence is rising globally, with projections indicating a significant increase in affected individuals.
• Cancer care encompasses prevention, diagnosis, staging, and treatment, presenting complex decision-making challenges.
• Operational Research (OR) offers methodologies to optimize complex systems and decision-making processes.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review and analyze existing Operational Research (OR) applications within the cancer care pathway.
• To identify areas within cancer care where OR has been extensively applied and areas with limited application.
• To highlight the potential of OR to improve cancer services and patient outcomes.

Main Methods:

• A comprehensive literature search was conducted to identify relevant Operational Research (OR) papers.
• Papers were categorized based on their application within the cancer care pathway: prevention, diagnosis, staging, and treatment.
• The review focused on decision-making aspects addressed by OR models in each category.

Main Results:

• Numerous OR studies were identified focusing on cancer screening strategies and treatment planning/scheduling.
• Fewer OR models were found addressing cancer risk reduction, diagnostic procedure optimization, and staging.
• Existing OR applications have demonstrably improved cancer care services.

Conclusions:

• OR has a proven track record in enhancing cancer screening and treatment logistics.
• There is a significant opportunity to expand OR applications into cancer prevention, diagnostics, and staging.
• Enhanced collaboration between OR researchers and clinicians is crucial to maximize the benefits of OR for cancer patients.