Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Conjugated Proteins

Conjugated Proteins

Simple proteins and protein complexes contain only amino acids. In contrast, many other proteins, called conjugated proteins, covalently bond with non-protein moieties.
Nucleoproteins are protein complexes that contain nucleic acids, categorized as deoxyribonucleoproteins (DNPs) or ribonucleoproteins (RNPs) respectively. The nucleosome is a typical example of a DNP where nuclear DNA is associated with histone proteins. The major antigen for the Covid-19 virus SARS-CoV is an RNP that is critical...

Conjugated Proteins

Conjugated Proteins

Pivot Bearings

Pivot Bearings

In mechanical systems, bearings are crucial in facilitating relative motion between two components while minimizing friction and wear. They help distribute various loads (radial, axial or a combination of both loads) across machinery parts, ensuring smooth and efficient operation.
A pivot bearing is a specialized type of bearing designed to support axial loads on a rotating shaft. The bearing surface, or the pivot, is positioned at the end of a shaft to support the axial thrust. The pivot may...

Journal Bearings

Journal Bearings

Journal bearings are mechanical components that support and provide lateral stability to rotating shafts and axles. They are crucial in reducing friction, wear, and vibration in machinery such as engines, turbines, and pumps. The principle behind journal bearings is forming a thin lubricant film between the bearing surface and the rotating shaft, which minimizes direct contact and reduces frictional forces.
To better understand the concept of journal bearings, consider a rope winch with dry or...

Bearings: Problem Solving

Bearings: Problem Solving

Understanding the calculations and concepts related to double-collar bearings is essential for engineers and designers to optimize the performance of these components in various applications. By analyzing the bearing under different conditions, one can ensure that it can withstand the forces and moments experienced during operation. This knowledge enables better decision-making when designing and selecting bearings for specific purposes and configurations. Consider a double-collar bearing with...

Bearing Stress

Bearing Stress

Bearing stress refers to the contact pressure between two separate bodies. To visualize this, imagine a bolt thrust through a plate. The bolt applies a force to the plate, which exerts an equal but opposite force back onto the bolt. This force isn't just a singular entity but a compilation of numerous smaller forces distributed across the contact surface between the bolt and the plate.
Due to the intricacy of these microforces, an average value, known as bearing stress, is often used by...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Spatially defined microenvironmental niches are associated with clinical outcome and tumor ecosystem diversity in head and neck cancer.

Med (New York, N.Y.)·2026

Same author

CanAssist Breast Risk Stratification in Multifocal/Multicentric Breast Cancer: To Test Each Focus or Not?

Archives of pathology & laboratory medicine·2026

Same author

Benzazepines Derivatives: Synthetic Strategy, Structural-Activity Relationships, and Medical Potential as Dopamine and Serotonin Receptor Modulators.

ACS omega·2026

Same author

Rapid Transcription Dynamics Confers Cytarabine Resistance in Acute Myeloid Leukemia.

Blood cancer discovery·2026

Same author

Synthesis and Biological Activity of Guanidine Scaffold: A Comprehensive Review.

Anti-inflammatory & anti-allergy agents in medicinal chemistry·2026

Same author

Pseudo-autologous Stem Cell Transplant for the Treatment of Secondary Central Nervous System Lymphoma.

Cureus·2026

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 23, 2026

An Adoptive Transfer Model of Rheumatoid Arthritis in Mice

An Adoptive Transfer Model of Rheumatoid Arthritis in Mice

Published on: June 6, 2025

Folate Conjugated Double Liposomes Bearing Prednisolone and Methotrexate for Targeting Rheumatoid Arthritis.

Amit Verma¹, Ankit Jain², Ankita Tiwari¹

¹Pharmaceutics Research Projects Laboratory, School of Engineering and Technology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr. H. S. Gour Central University, M.P, Sagar, 470 003, India.

Pharmaceutical Research

|June 21, 2019

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Folate conjugated double liposomes effectively target inflamed joints for rheumatoid arthritis management. This dual-drug delivery system shows superior targeting efficiency compared to single liposomes, improving drug concentration at the disease site.

Keywords:

folate inflammation liposomes methotrexate, prednisolone rheumatoid arthritis

More Related Videos

Generation of Induced-pluripotent Stem Cells Using Fibroblast-like Synoviocytes Isolated from Joints of Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients

Generation of Induced-pluripotent Stem Cells Using Fibroblast-like Synoviocytes Isolated from Joints of Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients

Published on: October 16, 2016

Author Spotlight: Enhancing Rheumatoid Arthritis Research Through HR-pQCT Imaging Analysis

Author Spotlight: Enhancing Rheumatoid Arthritis Research Through HR-pQCT Imaging Analysis

Published on: October 6, 2023

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 23, 2026

An Adoptive Transfer Model of Rheumatoid Arthritis in Mice

An Adoptive Transfer Model of Rheumatoid Arthritis in Mice

Published on: June 6, 2025

Generation of Induced-pluripotent Stem Cells Using Fibroblast-like Synoviocytes Isolated from Joints of Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients

Generation of Induced-pluripotent Stem Cells Using Fibroblast-like Synoviocytes Isolated from Joints of Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients

Published on: October 16, 2016

Author Spotlight: Enhancing Rheumatoid Arthritis Research Through HR-pQCT Imaging Analysis

Author Spotlight: Enhancing Rheumatoid Arthritis Research Through HR-pQCT Imaging Analysis

Published on: October 6, 2023

Area of Science:

Nanotechnology
Pharmaceutics
Rheumatology

Background:

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) management often requires combination therapy to overcome monotherapy limitations.
Developing targeted drug delivery systems can enhance therapeutic efficacy and reduce systemic side effects.

Purpose of the Study:

To explore the targeting potential of folate conjugated double liposomes (fDLs) for RA.
To evaluate a combination therapy of prednisolone (PRD) and methotrexate (MTX) encapsulated in fDLs.

Main Methods:

Preparation of fDLs via a two-step process involving inner liposomes (ILs) and outer folate-conjugated liposomes.
Characterization of fDLs for physicochemical properties and in vivo drug distribution.
Utilizing FA-PEG-4000-NH-DSPE conjugate for liposome formulation.

Main Results:

fDLs exhibited a size of 429.3 nm, PDI of 0.109, and zeta potential of 8.01 mV.
Entrapment efficiencies for PRD and MTX were 66.7% and 45.3%, respectively.
Higher concentrations of both PRD and MTX were found in inflamed joints compared to non-inflamed joints after administration via fDLs.

Conclusions:

Folate conjugated double liposomes demonstrate superior targeting efficiency for RA treatment.
This advanced liposomal system offers a promising approach for dual-drug delivery in managing rheumatoid arthritis.