Congenital ventricular aneurysm and diverticulum in children

Area of Science:

• Pediatric Cardiology
• Cardiac Imaging
• Congenital Heart Disease

Background:

• Congenital ventricular aneurysm (CVA) and diverticulum (CVD) are rare cardiac malformations.
• Understanding their clinical presentation and diagnostic methods is crucial for pediatric patients.

Purpose of the Study:

• To analyze the clinical profiles of children diagnosed with CVA and CVD.
• To evaluate the diagnostic utility of two-dimensional echocardiography (2DE) in identifying these conditions.

Main Methods:

• Retrospective analysis of clinical data from 18 children with CVA or CVD.
• Clinical examination, electrocardiography (ECG), chest X-ray, two-dimensional echocardiography (2DE), and angiography were utilized.
• Correlation of 2DE findings with angiographic results.

Main Results:

• Most children (12/18) were asymptomatic; symptoms included chest discomfort, palpitations, or convulsions.
• ECG abnormalities were present in all children.
• 2DE detected lesions in 13 (72%) of 18 children prior to angiography, with findings consistent with angiography.
• Specific ECG findings differed between CVA (myocardial damage, LAD, LBBB) and CVD (PVCs).

Conclusions:

• Congenital ventricular aneurysm and diverticulum often present without significant symptoms in children.
• 2DE is a valuable non-invasive tool for diagnosing CVA and CVD, demonstrating lesion wall kinetics accurately.
• ECG provides important diagnostic clues, with distinct patterns for CVA and CVD.