A very rare pathogen in peritoneal dialysis peritonitis: Serratia liquefaciens

Area of Science:

• Nephrology
• Infectious Diseases
• Clinical Medicine

Background:

• Peritoneal dialysis (PD) peritonitis incidence is declining but remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality.
• Peritonitis accounts for 15%-20% of infectious deaths in PD patients.
• While Gram-positive bacteria are common, unusual pathogens can cause severe outcomes.

Observation:

• This report details a rare case of peritonitis caused by the unusual pathogen Serratia liquefaciens.
• The patient presented with severe abdominal pain and fever, indicative of a serious infection.
• The peritonitis was directly linked to a failure to adhere to strict hygienic practices during PD procedures.

Findings:

• Serratia liquefaciens peritonitis, though uncommon, can lead to severe outcomes.
• Infections involving Gram-negative bacteria, like Serratia liquefaciens, are associated with a poorer prognosis.
• This specific case resulted in the irreversible loss of the patient's peritoneal dialysis access.

Implications:

• Reinforces the critical importance of meticulous aseptic techniques in preventing PD peritonitis.
• Underscores the need for vigilance regarding unusual pathogens, even as overall peritonitis rates decline.
• Highlights the potential for severe complications, including loss of dialysis modality, due to preventable infections.